基于牺牲活泼金属法的薄板工件小尺寸台阶孔电解加工研究  

Research on electrochemical machining of small-size step holes in sheet workpieces based on sacrificial active metal method

作　　者：韩金臻 艾海红 HAN Jinzhen;AI Haihong(Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College,Shaoxing 312000,CHN)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业职业技术学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《制造技术与机床》2021年第8期165-169,共5页Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool

基　　金：浙江省教育厅科研项目资助(Y201737845);浙江省教育科学规划课题资助(GH2021532)。

摘　　要：为在不锈钢304薄板工件上加工出高质量的小尺寸台阶孔,提出了一种电解加工薄板小尺寸结构的新方法——牺牲活泼金属法,改善了传统电解加工过腐蚀和杂散腐蚀缺陷。首先,基于电场理论建立了关于电位和电流密度的数学模型,并采用多物理场仿真软件COMSOL对传统电解法和牺牲活泼金属电解法分别进行了数值模拟,模拟结果表明:牺牲活泼金属法阳极工件表面电流密度的差异化分布将有助于小尺寸台阶孔的成型;然后,通过单因素试验研究,确定了适合用于小尺寸台阶孔电解加工的工艺参数;最后,当电压为10 V,占空比为50%,转速为3000 r/min,电解液浓度为1 mol/L NaNO_(3)和0.1 mol/L C_(6)H_(8)O_(7)的混合溶液时,在不锈钢304薄板上成功获得了加工质量较好的小尺寸台阶孔,试验结果与数值模拟结果吻合。In order to machine high-quality small-size step holes in stainless steel 304 sheet workpieces,this paper proposes a new method for electrochemical machining(ECM)of small-size structures in thin plates—sacrificial active metal method,which improves the over-corrosion and stray corrosion defects of traditional ECM.Firstly,the mathematical model of potential and current density is established based on electric field theory,and the numerical simulation of traditional ECM and sacrificial active metal ECM are carried out by COMSOL,a multi-physical field simulation software.The simulation results show that the differential distribution of current density on the surface of anode workpiece with sacrificial active metal method is beneficial to forming small-size step holes.Finally,when the voltage is 10 V,the duty cycle is 50%,the rotation speed is 3000 r/min,and the electrolyte is a mixture of 1 mol/L NaNO_(3) and 0.1 mol/L C_(6)H_(8)O_(7),the small-sized step hole with good machining quality is successfully obtained on the stainless steel 304 sheet,and the experimental results are consistent with the simulation results.

关 键 词：薄板工件 小尺寸台阶孔 牺牲活泼金属法 电解加工 

分 类 号：TH12[机械工程—机械设计及理论]