基于3D打印的连续纤维增强热固性复合材料性能及其应用探索  

Performance and Applications of 3D Printed Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Composites

作　　者：明越科 王奔[1,2,3] 周晋[1,2,3] 辛志博[1,2,3] 李婷[2] 王枫[2] 段玉岗[1,2,3] MING Yueke;WANG Ben;ZHOU Jin;XIN Zhibo;LI Ting;WANG Feng;DUAN Yugang(State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710054,China;Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;iHarbour Academy of Frontier Equipment,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710115,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安710054 [2]西安交通大学,西安710049 [3]西安交通大学高端装备研究院,西安710115

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2021年第15期58-65,共8页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1100902);国家自然科学基金(52005390,52005395);西安交通大学基本科研业务费(xzy022020003,xjh012020029)。

摘　　要：综述分析了连续纤维增强热固性复合材料3D打印研究的发展现状与技术瓶颈,并基于前期试验基础,提出了两步式3D打印解决方案,包括"纤维预浸及打印成型"与"预成型体热后固化"。3D打印制备了连续碳纤维(CCF)增强热固性环氧树脂(EP)复合材料样件,并通过力学测试发现,其拉伸强度及模量分别达到(1257±71)MPa和(96±11)GPa;弯曲强度及模量分别达到(965±80)MPa和(75±7)GPa;层间剪切强度达到(92±3)MPa。详细讨论了3D打印CCF/EP样件的纤维–树脂界面、分布以及孔隙缺陷。此外,还展示了多种连续纤维增强的3D打印复杂结构件,以验证其工艺可行性。最后,基于高导电性3D打印CCF/EP栅格,提出了其在电热除冰领域的应用尝试,并进行了人工模拟除冰试验探索。这些结果为通过3D打印数字化制造高性能热固性复合材料铺平了道路,并证明了其在先进工业应用中的巨大潜力。The development status and technical bottlenecks of 3D printed continuous fiber-reinforced thermo-setting composites were reviewed in this paper.Based on the preliminary experimental research,a two-step 3D printing solution was proposed,including fiber impregnation and printing,and post-curing.The continuous carbon fiber(CCF)reinforced thermosetting epoxy(EP)samples were prepared by 3D printing.The mechanical test results show that the tensile strength and modulus of 3D printed CCF/EP samples were(1257±71)MPa and(96±11)GPa,respectively;the flexural strength and modulus were(965±80)MPa and(75±7)GPa,respectively;the interlaminar shear strength was(92±3)MPa.The microscopic fiber-resin bonding,distribution,and internal void defects were also discussed.Furthermore,complex structures reinforced by different fibers were fabricated to demonstrate the feasibility and generality of the proposed technique.Finally,the application prospect of 3D printed CCF/EP mesh in the field of self-heating and deicing was explored.These results pave the way for the digital manufacturing of high-performance thermosetting composites through 3D printing and demonstrate their great potential in advanced industrial applications.

关 键 词：3D打印 连续碳纤维 热固性环氧树脂 复合材料 力学性能 电热除冰 

分 类 号：TP391.73[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TB332[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]