量子相干在量子热力学中演化规律的研究  

Coherence Evolution in Quantum Thermodynamics

作　　者：丁峰 丁玉强 韩森 胡雪元 Ding Feng;Ding Yuqiang;Han Sen;Hu Xueyuan(School of Information Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Qingdao,Shandong 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学信息科学与工程学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《中国激光》2021年第12期363-370,共8页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11774205);山东大学青年学者未来计划。

摘　　要：在量子热力学的研究中,量子相干扮演着重要的角色。基于本课题组的研究结果,分别从热力学操作与增强热力学操作间的相干鸿沟猜想及关联催化相干放大猜想两个角度,讨论了能级之间的量子相干在热力学中的奇特行为。首先,通过研究单模热力学操作,进一步发掘了相干转化在划分量子热力学操作中的作用。其次,通过研究关联催化协变操作,发现关联催化在含有相干的量子热力学中存在尚未发掘的作用。研究结果对进一步完善量子热力学第二定律具有重要意义。Objective Quantum thermodynamics is an emerging field that extends the results of classical thermodynamics to the quantum world.The main research topic is based on the axioms of quantum mechanics,and reinterprets the three laws of thermodynamics from the microscopic perspective,with the help of new tools originated from the research of quantum information science.One of the most important results of quantum thermodynamics is the recharacterization of the second law of thermodynamics,which explains and quantifies the state-transformation ability of classical states under the so-called thermodynamic operation(a type of free quantum operations defined in the resource theory of quantum thermodynamics).But there are still some open problems in this field that are hard to solve,such as what role quantum coherence plays in thermodynamics.Coherence,which originates from the phenomenon of quantum superposition,is an indispensable resource in the field of quantum information and computing,and is also one of the essential sources of the difference between the microscopic world and the macroscopic world.In quantum thermodynamics,the coherence is characterized based on the covariance of thermodynamic operations(TOs)and thus has some unique properties.In this review,we reveal some special behaviors of unspeakable coherence in quantum thermodynamics from two aspects according to our previous results.Methods Thermal operations refer to the quantum operations for the target system after maintaining the energy conservation of the composite system of heat reservoir and main system.Although it has a clear meaning in physics,it is hard to analyze mathematically.Therefore,the previous studies have proposed enhanced thermodynamic operations(EnTOs)satisfying weaker conditions to simplify the mathematical analysis.It is found that the population dynamics of the enhanced thermodynamic operations is equivalent to that of the original thermodynamic operations in any finite dimension of the target system,but the coherence dynamics of the hig

关 键 词：量子光学 量子信息理论 量子热力学 能级之间的量子相干 热力学操作 非对称性 催化 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]