随机道路载荷下轮毂轴承服役寿命预测方法研究  

Research on Prediction Method of Hub-bearing Service Life under Random Road Load

作　　者：赵礼辉[1,2,3] 李其宸 冯金芝 郑松林[1,2,3] 刘新荣 ZHAO Lihui;LI Qichen;FENG Jinzhi;ZHENG Songlin;LIU Xinrong(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093;CMIF Key Laboratory for Strength and Reliability Evaluation of Automotive Structures,Shanghai 200093;Public Technology Platform for Reliability Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles in Shanghai,Shanghai 200093;YIHE Axle Co.,Ltd.,Zhucheng 262229)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学机械工程学院,上海200093 [2]机械工业汽车机械零部件强度与可靠性评价重点实验室,上海200093 [3]上海市新能源汽车可靠性评价公共技术平台,上海200093 [4]义和车桥有限公司,诸城262229

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第10期77-86,共10页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB0104802);国家自然科学基金(51705322)资助项目。

摘　　要：针对当前轴承寿命评价主要基于定值载荷工况,对于径向力、轴向力及弯矩动态耦合效应考虑较少,导致轴承实际服役寿命与理论寿命存在较大差异的问题,提出一种随机道路载荷下轮毂轴承的服役寿命预测方法。以试验场实测轮心六分力载荷数据为基础,通过联合分布计数确定多轴载荷间耦合频次关系,以确定损伤载荷作用次数;根据轴承滚子-滚道间的变形协调关系,并考虑弯矩作用下滚子角位移及滚道错位对载荷传递的影响,建立圆锥滚子轴承的外滚道-滚子-内滚道瞬时接触载荷计算模型;综合多轴载荷联合分布计数结果与接触载荷计算模型,采用Newton-Raphson迭代算法求解得到轴承周向接触载荷序列,并与Romax仿真结果对比验证结果的有效性;基于修正的L-P理论得到多轴载荷对应下的轴承当量动载荷,综合联合分布计数结果、线性损伤累积准则,完成试验场随机道路载荷下轮毂轴承寿命计算,并通过台架试验验证结果的准确性和方法的合理性。由此,可为轮毂轴承的设计选型及寿命预测提供参考依据。Currently,bearing life evaluation is mainly based on fixed load conditions,and the dynamic coupling effects of radial force,axial force and bending moment are less considered,which leads to the great difference between the actual service life and the theoretical life of bearings.Therefore,a service life prediction method for hub bearings under random road loads is proposed.Based on the measured wheel load on proving ground,the correlation ship between loads in different directions are determined through joint distribution and the number of cycles which strongly affect the damage of the load are derived.According to the deformation coordination relationship between roller and raceway of bearing and considering the influence of the roller angular displacement and the misalignment of the raceway on load transfer under bending moment,a model to calculate the instantaneous contact load of each component of bearing is established.Combined with the joint distribution counting results of multi-axial loads and the calculation model of contact loads,the circumferential contact load sequence is obtained by using the Newton-Raphson iterative algorithm,and it is compared with the simulation results of Romax to verify the validity of the results.The multi-axial load equivalent dynamic load of the bearing is obtained according to the modified L-P theory.Combined with the joint distribution counting results and the linear damage accumulation criterion,the fatigue life of hub bearing under the random road load can be calculated.To validate the proposed method,bench tests are conducted and results show good agreement between calculated and experiments.This method provides a useful tool for the design,selection and life prediction of hub bearings.

关 键 词：随机载荷 轮毂轴承 变形协调 当量动载荷 寿命预测 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]