锥面刀盘盾构主参数确定理论及模拟分析  

Determination Theory of Main Parameters and Simulation Analysis of the Conical Cutterhead Shield

作　　者：张照煌[1] 纪玮[1] 翁子才 ZHANG Zhaohuang;JI Wei;WENG Zicai(School of Energy,Power&Mechanical Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第11期243-255,共13页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51475163);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划,2012AA041803)资助项目。

摘　　要：由于盾构在地下土质工程全断面开挖的独特优势及其技术密集的特点,被赋予"国之重器"。但目前应用的盾构都是平面刀盘盾构,这样盾构在孤石、古树根或建筑物桩基等地质段的施工一直是工程界的难题。为此,通过深入研究,提出了锥面刀盘盾构的概念;进一步研究发现,其主参数——盾构推力和刀盘扭矩与平面刀盘盾构相比有着本质的差异,为此,以土力学理论为基础,深入研究了锥面刀盘盾构作业过程中的力学特点并因此建立了锥面刀盘盾构推力和刀盘扭矩的力学模型。当锥顶角为180°时得到的模型解与对应平面刀盘盾构主参数的相对误差分别是:盾构推力为5.5%,刀盘扭矩为7.8%。模拟显示,掌子面与土仓的压差随锥面刀盘锥顶角的增大单调减小,即,在掌子面压力不变的情况下,土仓压力随锥顶角的增大单调增加,这说明,锥面刀盘土仓压力小于平面刀盘,掌子面土体较平面刀盘具有较大的流动推力;而对螺旋输送器中的柱塞效应要求降低,亦即,锥面刀盘盾构具有更好的土体适应性。Due to the unique advantages and technology intensive characteristics of shield in the full face excavation of underground soil engineering, it is given the "national heavy equipment". However, the shield used at present is plane cutterhead shield, so the shield construction in the geological section such as Boulders, ancient tree roots or building pile foundation has always been a problem in the engineering field. Therefore, the concept of conical cutterhead shield is put forward through in-depth study;further study found that its main parameters—shield thrust and cutterhead torque are essentially different from that of plane cutterhead shield. Therefore, based on the theory of soil mechanics, the mechanical characteristics of conical cutterhead shield in the process of operation is studied and the mechanical model of thrust and torque of conical cutterhead shield is established. When the cone tip angle is 180°, the relative errors between the model solution and the main parameters of the corresponding plane cutterhead shield are: the thrust of the shield is 10.6%, and the torque of the cutterhead is 0.024%. The simulation results show that the pressure difference between the excavation face and the excavation chamber decreases monotonously with the increase of the cone top angle of the conical cutterhead, that is, when the pressure of the excavation face is constant, the pressure of the excavation chamber increases monotonically with the increase of the cone top angle. This shows that the excavation chamber pressure of the conical cutterhead is less than that of the plane cutterhead, and the soil mass of the excavation face has a larger flow thrust than that of the plane cutterhead, and the requirements for the plunger effect in the screw conveyor are reduced, that is, the conical cutterhead Shield has better soil adaptability.

关 键 词：盾构 锥面刀盘 推力 扭矩 计算模型 模拟分析 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]