农户生计资本和区域异质性对生计策略的影响研究——基于中国家庭追踪调查数据的实证分析  

Study on the Impact of Rural Livelihood Capital and Regional Heterogeneity on Livelihood Strategies——Based on an Empirical Analysis of CFPS Data

作　　者：耿亚新 刘栩含 饶品样[1] GENG Yaxin;LIU Xuhan;RAO Pinyang(College of Tourism Management,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学旅游管理学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《林业经济》2021年第5期17-31,共15页Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“以贫困户生存空间拓展为指向的嵌入式旅游精准扶贫研究”(编号:16CJY047);河南省社会科学基金项目“文旅融合创新引领下大别山革命老区高质量发展路径及对策研究”(编号:2020BJJ057)。

摘　　要：农户生计策略的影响因素对其生计水平有着重要影响,文章基于农户可持续生计框架,构建生计资本和区域特征下对生计策略选择影响的分析框架,使用2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)5143个农户家庭数据,扩大研究对象范围,估算出我国农户生计资本储量;细化五大生计资本指标,运用无序多分类Logistic回归模型,从生计资本和区域异质性两个维度考察其对影响生计策略选择的因素进行扩展研究,丰富了研究视角。结果表明:(1)我国农户生计资本指标值为2.169,储量较低,人力、自然、物质、金融和社会资本指标值分别为0.474、0.434、0.256、0.325和0.680,各项生计资本分布不均衡,存在较大差异。(2)从生计资本角度来看,家庭劳动能力、文化程度、健康状况、家庭人均年收入和人情往来支出与务工主导型、农兼型和兼农型生计策略的选择具有显著正相关关系,土地拥有情况、农副产品收入水平、土地资产水平和农用机械价值与务工主导型、农兼型和兼农型生计策略的选择具有显著负相关关系。(3)从区域特征角度来看,东部、中部和西部地区比东北部地区更倾向于选择务工主导型、农兼型和兼农型的生计策略;相较于平原地区,丘陵地区会显著降低农户选择务工主导型和兼农型生计策略的可能;基础设施水平越高,越会增加农户选择农兼型生计策略的可能。基于研究结果,文章提出要加大农户教育培训、改善农业生产的基础设施和条件、继续引导产业由东部向中西部地区有序转移、健全城乡融合发展体制机制和政策体系等差异化政策启示。The choice of rural household strategy and its influencing factors have an important impact on the level of rural household.Based on the framework of sustainable household,this study constructed a framework for the influence of rural households’livelihold capital and regional characteristics on the choice of livelihood strategies.Based on the data of 5143 rural households in the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2018,it expanded the scope of research and estimate the livelihood capital reserves of rural households.The research refined the five major livelihood capital indicators and use the Multinomial Logistic Regression model to investigate the factors that influence the choice of livelihood strategies from the two dimensions of livelihood capital and regional heterogeneity,which may enrich the research perspective.The research results showed that:(1)The rural households’livelihood capital index value is 2.169,with low reserves,the human,natural,material,financial and social capital index values are 0.474,0.434,0.256,0.325 and 0.680,and there are large differences in various livelihood capitals.(2)Among the livelihood capital,household labor capacity,education level,health status,household annual income and household renunciation expenditures have a significant positive correlation with the choice of labor-oriented strategies.Agricultural and agricultural livelihood strategies,agricultural dominant strategies and non-agricultural dominant strategies.Land ownership,income level of agricultural and sideline products,land asset level and value of agricultural machinery have a significant negative correlation with the choice of labor-oriented,agricultural and agricultural livelihood strategies,agricultural dominant strategies and non-agricultural dominant strategies.(3)From the perspective of regional characteristics,the eastern,central,and western regions are more inclined to choose work-oriented,agricultural dominant strategies and non-agricultural dominant strategies than the northeastern region.Compared wi

关 键 词：生计资本 生计策略 区域异质性 无序多分类Logistic回归 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]