荧光假单胞菌剂对青贮玉米病虫害及产量的影响  

Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens agent on disease, insect pests and yield of silage maize

作　　者：潘凡 安哲[2] 周国娜 郭志顶 徐玉鹏[3] 董李学 高立杰[1] PAN Fan;AN Zhe;ZHOU Guona;GUO Zhiding;XU Yupeng;DONG Lixue;GAO Lijie(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Tangshan Voccational&Technical College,Tangshan 063300,China;CangZhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Cangzhou 061001,China;Tangshan Agricultural Product Quality Safety Inspection and Testing Center,Tangshan 063300,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000 [2]唐山职业技术学院,河北唐山063300 [3]沧州市农林科学院,河北沧州061001 [4]唐山市农产品质量安全检验检测中心,河北唐山063300

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第14期98-101,106,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(HBC2018160403)。

摘　　要：为了探讨荧光假单胞菌剂对青贮玉米病虫害以及产量的影响,试验以唐山地区主要青贮玉米种植品种沃玉3号和隆平208为材料,对每个青贮玉米品种均设置荧光假单胞菌剂拌种处理(施用量为75 mL/kg)和未拌种处理(CK),每个处理3次重复,每个重复1个小区,共计6个小区,小区面积为200 m^(2),于2019年6月22日等行种植,行距60 cm,株距25 cm,单株留苗,在大喇叭口期进行青贮玉米病虫害调查,在收获期(籽粒乳熟至蜡熟期)测定青贮玉米株高和产量。结果表明:沃玉3号病虫害发生种类明显高于隆平208;荧光假单胞菌剂可降低沃玉3号小斑病、弯孢霉叶斑病、褐斑病、瘤黑粉病、炭疽病、矮花叶病毒病以及隆平208褐斑病的发生,同时降低了沃玉3号玉米螟、赤须盲蝽、麻皮蝽、绿盲蝽、灰飞虱、白星花金龟、龟纹瓢虫、大蚊以及隆平208玉米螟、棉铃虫和玉米蚜的发生程度。经菌剂处理后,两种青贮玉米株高呈现了相反的结果,沃玉3号菌剂处理的平均株高高于CK(P<0.05),而隆平208菌剂处理低于CK(P<0.05)。荧光假单胞菌剂处理可提高两个青贮玉米品种产量,但与CK无显著差异(P>0.05)。说明荧光假单胞菌剂可在一定程度上抑制青贮玉米褐斑病、瘤黑粉病、玉米螟等病虫害的发生,提高玉米产量。In order to explore the effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens agent on plant diseases,insect pests and yield of silage maize,the main silage corn varieties Woyu 3 and Longping 208 were used as the material in Tangshan area.Seed with Pseudomonas fluorescens agent processing(application rate was 75 mL/kg)and seed without treatment(CK)were set for each silage maize variety,each processing repeated for three times,and one communities per repeat.There were a total of 6 communities with an area of 200 m^(2).Planted in equal rows on June 22,2019,with row spacing of 60 cm,plant spacing of 25 cm,and left seedlings on a single plant.The diseases and insect pests of silage maize were investigated in the flaring period.The plant height and yield of silage maize were investigated during the harvest period(milky ripening to waxy ripening).The results showed that the species of pests and diseases in Woyu 3 were significantly higher than those in Longping 208.Pseudomonas fluorescens agent could reduce the occurrence of small spot,leaf spot of Curvularia,brown spot,gall smut,anthrax,dwarf Mosaic virus of Woyu 3 and brown spot of Longping 208.At the same time,the occurrence of corn borer,Miridae chinensis,Miridae chinensis,Miridae chinensis,Grey planthopper,Chrysopterus chinensis,Ladybird beetle,Large mosquito of Woyu3,corn borer and maize aphis of Longping 208 were reduced.After inoculation,the plant height of two kinds of silage maize showed opposite results.The average plant height of Woyu 3 was higher than that of CK(P<0.05),while Longping 208 was lower than that of CK(P<0.05).Pseudomonas fluorescens agent could increase the yield of two silage maize,but there was no significant difference with CK(P>0.05).The results indicated that Pseudomonas fluorescens could inhibit the occurrence of diseases and insect pests of silage maize,such as brown spot,gall smut,corn berer,and increase maize yield to a certain extent.

关 键 词：青贮玉米 荧光假单胞菌剂 病虫害 防治效果 产量 株高 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S548