一种对深空探测器信标信号的无源定位方法  

A Method of Passive Location of the Returnable Spacecraft Beacon

作　　者：沈小马 吕斌涛[2] 孙威[2] 刘阳 叶建设[2] 卞韩城 SHEN Xiaoma;LV Bintao;SUN Wei;LIU Yang;YE Jianshe;BIAN Hancheng(Beijing Institute of Radio Measurement,Beijing 100854,China;Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center of China,Jiuquan 732750,China)

机构地区：[1]北京无线电测量研究所,北京100854 [2]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [3]酒泉卫星发射中心,酒泉732750

出　　处：《深空探测学报（中英文）》2021年第3期276-283,共8页Journal Of Deep Space Exploration

摘　　要：针对返回式深空探测器着陆回收过程中,使用测控网络、搜救卫星网络和区域定位网络时的信息不足之处,提出增加基于长基线时差体制无源定位信息的方法。根据返回式深空探测器信标的正弦调制包络特性,采用改进的双谱线算法对高精度频率进行估计,使用离散时间傅立叶变换算法进行初相和到达时间估计,并对信标信号时差测量精度进行了仿真。根据时差定位系统误差分布模型和信标信号时差测量精度,对信标信号时差定位精度分布进行了仿真,结果表明在100 km半径范围内定位误差均小于1 km。使用四方形布站方式,对深空探测器的返回器进行定位和动态跟踪模拟,结果表明距离误差优于1 km,方位误差优于1'。在多站时差无源定位方法的基础上,提出利用多普勒频差信息进一步实现对目标二维速度信息估计。针对高动态小目标、大着陆范围的返回式深空探测器解决了低空探测难题,实现了无缝隙无源探测定位,显著提升了着陆预报精度,为后续深空探测活动及任务规划奠定了技术基础。During the landing procedure of a recoverable spacecraft,measurement and control information、COSPAS/SARSAT system information and regional location information are often used.According to the deficiencies of above method,the long baseline TDOA technique is suggested.Firstly the principles of TDOA system and the solution of TDOA equations are proposed.The features of the beacon’s sinusoidal envelop are analyzed.High precision frequency estimation method based on modified Rife algorithm and TOA estimation method based on DTFT phase evaluation algorithm are suggested.Simulations on TDOA precision are given.Location precision distribution of the beacon is simulated.The stationary location error is less than 1km when the target range is less than 100km.When the square style of the receiving stations is applied,the dynamical tracking and filtering process is simulated.The results show that range error is less than 1km and azimuth error is less than 1minute during the tracking procedure.Finally the two-dimension velocity estimation method based on the FDOA information is analyzed.

关 键 词：返回式深空探测器 信标 无源定位 时差 多普勒频差 

分 类 号：V525[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]