不同胎次和产仔季节对母猪产仔性能的影响及窝产仔数分布研究  

Research of Effects of Different Parities and Seasons on Litter Performance and Litter Size Distribution of Sows

作　　者：郭亮 姜威 刘则学 GUO Liang;JIANG Wei;LIU Zexue(COFCO Wuhan Meat Product Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430200,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉中粮肉食品有限公司,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《养猪》2021年第4期43-46,共4页Swine Production

摘　　要：猪场母猪的产仔性能关乎生产效率以及经济效益,产仔性能可以由窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、窝产死胎数和窝产木乃伊数4个指标的表现来进行评价。研究选择某集团旗下规模化猪场2018—2020年近3年的产仔性能数据,通过大量的数据统计分析母猪产仔数的分布情况,以及胎次、季节等因素对产仔性能的影响。研究结果:母猪产仔数符合正态分布;第1、5、6、7、8胎相较于第3胎的产仔数以及产活仔数都显著下降;第6、7、8胎死胎数显著高于1~4胎;冬季和春季平均产仔数和产活仔数显著高于夏季和秋季;春季的死胎数显著低于其他3个季节。结论:胎次和产仔季节对母猪产仔性能有显著影响,母猪在第3胎时产仔性能最好,冬季的产仔数最多,春季的死胎数最少,胎次和季节对窝产仔数以及死胎数没有交互作用。Litter performance of sows on a pig farm is related to production efficiency and economic benefits.Littler performance can be evaluated by the performance of four indexes:total numbers of piglets born,number of born alive,number of born stillborn and number of born mummy.In this study,we selected the litter performance data of a large-scale pig farm in the past 3 years from 2018 to 2020,and analyzed the distribution of total numbers of piglets born and the influence of parities and seasons factors on litter performance through a large amount of data.Results:The litter size of sows conforms to the normal distribution;Compared with parity 3,parity 1,5,6,7 or 8 had significantly lower litter size and number of born alive;The stillbirth number of parity 6,7 or 8 was significantly higher than that of 1st to 4th parities.The average birth size and live birth size in winter and spring were significantly higher than those in summer and autumn.The number of stillbirths in spring was significantly lower than that in the other three seasons.Conclusion:Parity and season have significant effects on litter performance of sows;The sows have the best litter performance at the third litter,the highest litter size in winter and the lowest stillbirth number in spring;Parity number and litter season have no interaction on litter size and litter stillbirth number.

关 键 词：母猪 产仔性能 胎次 季节 正态分布 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]