枣棉间作模式下不同种植间距对棉花产量和品质以及土壤微生物的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Spacings on Cotton Yield, Quality and Soil Microorganism Under Intercropping Mode of Jujube and Cotton

作　　者：李浩 李燕芳 陈国栋[1] 万素梅[1] 胡守林[1] LI Hao;LI Yanfang;CHEN Guodong;WAN Sumei;HU Shoulin(College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2021年第15期1-3,6,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060449)。

摘　　要：为探究枣棉间作模式下各群体地下部土壤生物化学环境以及对棉花产量和品质的影响,采用小区田间试验来研究间作模式下不同间距对棉花产量、品质以及土壤微生物活性变化特征的影响。结果表明,由于间距不同,在距离枣树1.0 m处种植4行棉花的种植模式下棉花产量优于在距离枣树1.5 m处种植2行棉花种植模式,说明棉花和枣树间距为1.0 m时棉花产量最高,但低于单作棉花的产量;不同种植模式下棉花在生产率、强度、马克隆值、整齐度、棉纤维长度数值上没有太大变化,说明不同间距种植的棉花在品质上受到的影响较小;棉花距离枣树越近土壤中真菌的数量就越多,距离枣树1.0 m处种植棉花的模式土壤中真菌数量甚至超过单作棉花土壤中的真菌数量,棉花距离枣树越近土壤中细菌的数量越少,但都较单作棉花模式土壤中细菌数量多。由此表明,枣棉间作模式下,间距为1.0 m对棉花产量的影响最小,土壤微生物数量最多。不同间距对棉花品质没有影响。In order to explore the soil biochemical environment and effects on cotton yield and quality under the intercropping mode of jujube and cotton, the plot field experiments were used to study the effects of different planting spacings on cotton yield, quality and variation characteristics of soil microbial activity under intercropping mode. The results showed that the cotton yield was higher in the mode of planting 4 rows of cotton 1.0 m away from jujube trees than that in the mode of planting 2 rows of cotton 1.5 m away from jujube trees, but lower than that in the single cropping mode of cotton. There was no significant change in productivity, strength, micronaire value, uniformity and fiber length of cotton planted in different modes, indicating that the different planting spacings has little influence on cotton quality. The closer the cotton was to jujube tree, the more fungi were found in the soil. The fungus number in the soil under the mode of planting cotton 1.0 m away from jujube trees was even higher than that in the soil under the single cropping mode of cotton. The closer the cotton was to jujube tree, the less the soil bacteria number was, but the soil bacteria number in the intercropping mode was more than that in the single cropping mode of cotton.The closer the cotton was to jujube tree, the less the soil bacteria number. Therefore, under the intercropping mode of jujube and cotton, the spacing of 1.0 m had the minimum effect on cotton yield, had the largest soil microorganism number. The different spacings had no effect on cotton quality.

关 键 词：枣棉间作 棉花 土壤微生物 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]