Modeled exposure to phthalates via inhalation and dermal pathway in children's sleeping environment: A preliminary study and its implications  

作　　者：Zhongming Bu Cong Dong Daniel Mmereki Yanghui Ye Zhu Cheng 

机构地区：[1]Department of Energy and Environmental System Engineering,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China [2]Faculty of Health Sciences,School of Public Health,University of the Witwatersrand,Parktown Education Campus,2193 Johannesburg,South Africa [3]College of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China

出　　处：《Building Simulation》2021年第6期1785-1794,共10页建筑模拟（英文）

基　　金：The work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ19E080002 and No.LQ21E060003);National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51606169);Science and Technology Planning Project of Ningbo Municipality(No.2019B10045);Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology(No.2019QN04).

摘　　要：In this study,exposure to phthalates during children’s sleeping time was evaluated based on a mechanistic model.Airborne phase-specific concentrations in this model were estimated taking into account kinetic partitioning,particle dynamics and time-varying ventilation.Exposure pathways considered were inhalation exposure to airborne phases,dermal absorption from "air-to-skin" transport and direct contact.By taking di(n-butyl)phthalate(DnBP)and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)as two representative pollutants,inhalation exposure accounted for>90%when children wore clean pajamas before going to bed.Dermal uptake significantly increased when children's pajamas had absorbed DnBP before putting them on,whereas dermal uptake of DEHP was relatively lower and insensitive to the condition of clothing.Increasing air exchange rate at night and keeping clothes cleaner were effective for reducing children's exposures during sleeping period.Further studies are necessary taking into account source-proximity effect,particle emissions and refined dermal exposure routes.

关 键 词：indoor air PHTHALATES EXPOSURE CHILDREN sleeping environment 

分 类 号：TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]