茶园种植成本效益和化肥养分投入分析--以福建、云南为例  

Analysis on Cost-Effectiveness and Fertilizer Nutrient Input of Tea Garden Planting-Taking Fujian and Yunnan as Examples

作　　者：吴道宁 冉秦 覃善辉 李宁辉[3] 罗良国[1] WU Daoning;RAN Qin;QIN Shanhui;LI Ninghui;LUO Liangguo(Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,CCAS,Beijing 100081,China;Vocational and Technical School of Xincheng,Laibin 546100,China;Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,CAAS,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]忻城职业技术学校,广西来宾546100 [3]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2021年第8期1013-1018,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201306)。

摘　　要：通过农户调研了解福建与云南茶农茶园种植成本效益和化肥养分投入情况,并进一步采用一般线性回归分析模型找出受访茶农化肥养分投入显著的影响因素,为茶园化肥减施增效技术模式的研发提供基准数据支撑,促进茶产业提质增效。结果表明,受访茶区人工成本投入占茶园种植全部成本的份额最高,研发茶园化肥减量增效技术应给予劳力轻简化更多关注;云南受访茶区茶园主要采用生态种植模式,养分投入以有机肥为主、化肥为辅,化肥养分投入水平较低;但福建受访茶区茶园种植肥料养分投入则与之相反,化肥养分投入过量,这与受访区域畜禽禁养密切相关;而教育程度、茶农收入、是否使用有机肥、有机肥用量对受访茶农化肥养分投入水平呈显著负向影响,并提出了促进茶园可持续健康发展的建议。This study examined planting cost-effectiveness and fertilizer nutrient input of tea farmers in Fujian and Yunnan through household surveys,and further used the general linear regression analysis model to find out the significant influencing factors of fertilizer nutrient input of tea farmers interviewed,to provide benchmark data support for researching and developing of fertilizer reduction and efficiency technology of tea planting in tea garden,and promote the quality and efficiency of tea industry.The result showed that the labor cost input accounted for the highest share of the total cost of interviewed area,more attention should be paid to labor simplifying in researching fertilizer reduction and efficiency technology of tea planting.The tea farmers of Yunnan mainly adopted the ecological planting,and agriculture nutrient management was mainly organic fertilizer,supplemented with chemical fertilizer,and the level of chemical fertilizer was low.However,the tea farmers of Fujian was opposite to Yunnan,and intensity of chemical fertilizer was excessive,which was closely related to the banning on livestock and poultry in Fujian.General linear regression model showed that the education level,tea farmer income,whether organic fertilizer is used and organic fertilizer usage had a significant negative impact on the level of chemical fertilizer of the interviewed tea farmers,and finally put forward suggestions to promote the sustainable and healthy development of tea plantations.

关 键 词：成本效益 施肥状况 影响因素 茶农 

分 类 号：F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]