奉天法古:董仲舒家庭伦理思想的双重样态  

“Fengtian”and“Fagu”:The Double Pattern of Dong Zhongshu’s Family Ethical Thoughts

作　　者：吴寰 WU Huan(History and Society School of Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学历史与社会学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《四川文理学院学报》2021年第4期32-38,共7页Sichuan University of Arts and Science Journal

摘　　要：“奉天”“法古”是董仲舒构筑其思想体系的两条基本理路。在此理路下,其所阐述的家庭伦理思想呈现出双重样态。依据《春秋》学,董仲舒强调宗庙为重、宗族称孝、同姓相亲,凸显出基于血缘性的以“亲亲”为旨归的家庭伦理思想;而在“奉天”语境之下,其取诸阴阳之道,着重彰显内蕴于上下长幼男女之间以“尊尊”为然的家庭伦理秩序。对于所形成的这种差异化样态,董仲舒以“文”“质”之相变然礼同的主张予以调和,进而使其达到圆融统一。此揭示出在大一统帝制之下,董仲舒尝试构筑起与以家庭本位为基础的君主专制主义社会政治新格局相适应的家庭伦理思想的努力。“Fengtian”(It means“obey the order from Gods”)and“Fagu”(It means“follow the past convention”)are two basic ways for Dong Zhongshu to build his ideological system.Under this reasoning,the expounded of family ethics ideology presents a dual pattern.According to the study of Chun Qiu(Spring and Autumn),Dong Zhongshu emphasizes the importance of the ancestral temple of a ruling house,the clan's filial duty and affinity with the same surname.It highlights the family ethics thought based on blood relationship,which is based on the purpose of“affinity”.In the context of“Fengtian”,he takes the way of Yin and Yang in Taoism,emphasizing the family ethics inherent in the relationship between the upper and lower,elders and young,men and women.For this form of differentiation,Dong Zhongshu reconciled kind of difference state with the idea of“text”and“quality”,and then made it harmonious and unified.This reveals that under the unified monarchy system,he tried to build a new pattern of monarchy and authoritarian social politics based on family orientation.

关 键 词：董仲舒 家庭伦理思想 《春秋》 “天” 亲亲 尊尊 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]