大气折光差对航摄影像像移影响的量化分析  

Quantitative analysis of the influence of atmospheric refraction error on image motion in photogrammetry

作　　者：胡海彦[1,2] 牛向华 杨韫澜 高力 曹彬才[1,2] HU Haiyan;NIU Xianghua;YANG Yunlan;GALi;CAO Bincai(Xi'an Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Xi'an 710054,China;State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering,Xi'an 710054,China;Unit 32021,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]西安测绘研究所,陕西西安710054 [2]地理信息工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]32021部队,北京100094

出　　处：《测绘科学与工程》2021年第1期28-32,42,共6页Geomatics Science and Engineering

摘　　要：大气折光差对摄影测量精度的影响在地面或近景摄影条件下可以忽略,但在中高空航空摄影测量甚或航天卫星摄影测量条件下应予以充分考虑,并采取有效的误差补偿方法,才有望达到尽可能高的理想测量精度。在对大气折光差误差成因分析的基础上,推导了其影响航摄影像像移的计算公式,提出了系统误差补偿方法,并分别通过算例量化给出了3500m正直摄影和5000m倾斜摄影条件下大气折光差对航摄影像像移造成的影响,这为航空或航天摄影测量在特定测图精度要求下是否考虑大气折光差影响提供了论证依据。The influence of atmospheric refraction error on image accuracy can be ignored in terrestrial or close-range photo-grammetry application scenario,but it should be fully considered in mid-to-high altitude aerial photogrammetry and space satellite photogrammetry.Besides,effective error compensation methods should be used to achieve the ideal accuracy as high as possible.After analyzing the causes of atmospheric refractive error,the calculation formula that affects the aerial image point coordinates is deduced,and the system error compensation method is proposed.The influences of atmospheric refraction error on the image point motion in normal case phogrammetry at an altitude of 3500 m and in oblique photogrammetry at an altitude of 5000 m are quantitatively given with numerical examples,which provides a reference for whether considering the atmospheric refraction error in aerial or aerospace photogrammetry to speeific mapping accuracy requirements.

关 键 词：大气折光差 摄影测量 像点偏移 系统误差 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]