声学覆盖层的优化设计  

Optimal Design of Anechoic Coatings

作　　者：周帅龙 陈理添 刘小侠 方智[1] ZHOU Shuailong;CHEN Litian;LIU Xiaoxia;FANG Zhi(School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2021年第4期35-41,72,共8页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2018KFYYXJJ013)。

摘　　要：声学覆盖层的腔型结构和材料参数对其隔声性能有较大影响,使用优化算法对腔型结构和材料参数进行优化设计从而得到最优隔声模型。基于COMSOL软件建立声学覆盖层的二维轴对称模型计算其隔声量,通过实验测量验证仿真模型在常压和加压工况下的准确性。建立一种表征空腔腔型结构的函数,使用优化算法通过改变腔型函数进而获得最优隔声结构,最后在优化腔型结构的基础上对隔声材料进行参数优化。结果表明,腔型结构的优化可以使覆盖层的隔声量曲线获得一个较高的峰值,在常压和加压工况下平均隔声量较传统腔型结构均有可观的提升,改变加权策略对隔声峰的影响不大;材料参数的优化使目标结构的平均隔声量再次得到提升,改变加权策略可以使其峰值频率移动。有关研究内容对覆盖层工程设计具有一定指导意义。The cavity structure and material parameters have a significant influence on sound transmission loss of anechoic coatings.To obtain the optimal sound insulation model,the cavity structure and material parameters should be optimized.A two-dimensional axisymmetric model of the anechoic coatings is set-up by using COMSOL.The results of sound transmission loss under different operating conditions from Finite-Element simulations agree well with those of the experimental measurements,which validates the accuracy of the FE method.The function to model the shape of the cavity is built and optimized by using the Nelder-Mead algorithm to obtain the optimal sound insulation structure.Finally,the material parameters of the model are optimized.The results show that after the optimization of the cavity configuration,the sound transmission loss curve has a higher peak value,and the mean sound transmission loss is significantly raised under different pressure conditions in comparison with the traditional models.The peak frequency can be moved by changing the weighting strategy.The optimization of material parameters can further increase the mean transmission loss.This study provides a guide for the design of anechoic coatings.

关 键 词：声学 覆盖层 腔型结构 材料参数 优化算法 隔声量 

分 类 号：TB564[交通运输工程—水声工程] TU112.4.1[理学—物理]