空间微小碎片探测技术综述  

Micro Space Debris Detection Technology and Applications

作　　者：綦磊[1] 孙立臣[1] 龚自正[1] 芮小博 张品亮[1] 崔寓淏 曾捷[3] QI Lei;SUN Li-chen;GONG Zi-zheng;RUI Xiao-bo;ZHANG Pin-liang;CUI Yu-hao;ZENG Jie(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering,Beijing 100094,China;State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京100094 [2]天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室,天津300072 [3]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《空间碎片研究》2021年第2期10-16,共7页Space Debris Research

基　　金：国家自然基金(61903040)。

摘　　要：空间碎片数量的快速增长给人类航天活动带来严重挑战。10cm以上大碎片可通过地基设备进行观测和预报,航天器通过主动控制予以规避;1~10cm小碎片和1cm以下微小碎片探测难度大,数量众多,与航天器发生碰撞风险很大。本文对国外微小空间碎片探测技术的发展概况和相关探测器成功应用的案例进行调研,分析总结不同原理探测器的特点和发展趋势,为我国微小空间碎片探测技术的研究和发展提供参考。The rapid increase of space debris has brought serious challenges to space activities.Large debris above 10cm can be observed by ground-based equipment and avoided through active control of the spacecraft.The spatial distribution of small debris below 10cm is difficult to detect and threatens the safety of the spacecraft,especially the micro debris below 1cm.This paper investigates the development situation of foreign micro space debris detection technology and the successful applications of related detectors.The development characteristics and trends of detection technology with different principles are analyzed and summarized.This paper will provide a reference for the research and development of themicro space debris detection technology for China.

关 键 词：航天器 空间碎片 超高速撞击 微小碎片探测器 

分 类 号：V528[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]