物点经多层平行介质界面折射成像的叠加法则及应用分析  

Superposition rule of refraction imaging of object points through multi-layer parallel medium interface and several application analyses

作　　者：邵云 SHAO Yun(School of Electronic Engineering,Nanjing Xiaozhuang University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211171,China)

机构地区：[1]南京晓庄学院电子工程学院,江苏南京211171

出　　处：《大学物理》2021年第8期23-28,44,共7页College Physics

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十三五”规划课题(D/2020/01/55)资助。

摘　　要：文章采用了一种较为简便、自然的推理方法,推导出物点经平行介质界面二次折射成像的虚像点位置,发现了所谓的“物点经多层平行介质界面折射成像的叠加法则”.文章对几种特殊情形下的像点坐标进行了讨论:分析和解释了游泳池中泳女的“身首分离”折射现象;分析出空气中物体经玻璃砖的成像特点,指出人们通常使用薄玻璃窗户的光学依据;对空气中的物点经折射率线性变化介质的折射成像进行了详细的研究,指出物点经折射率均匀变化介质的成像位置与经平均折射率的等厚介质,除80°~90°的大视角情形外几乎一致.文章中的推理方法和结论或可为相关内容的教学、科研提供参考.In this paper,a simple and natural reasoning method is used to deduce the virtual image point position of the secondary refraction imaging of object point refracting through the parallel medium interface,and the so-called“superposition rule of refraction imaging of object points through multi-layer parallel medium interface”is found.This paper discusses the coordinates of image points in several special cases:the refraction phenomenon of“body head separation”of the female swimmer in swimming pool is analyzed and explained;the imaging characteristics of objects in the air through glass blocks are analyzed,the optical basis for people to usually use thin glass windows is pointed out;the refraction imaging of an object point in air through a medium with linear refractive index change is studied in detail,and it is pointed out that the position of the imaging point in the medium with uniformly varying refractive index is almost the same as that in the medium with uniform refractive index of same thickness,except for the large angle of view from 80° to 90°.The reasoning methods and conclusions in this paper may provide reference for the teaching and scientific research of related contents.

关 键 词：物点 平行介质界面 折射成像 叠加法则 折射率线性变化 

分 类 号：O435.1[机械工程—光学工程]