中小学生高血压知识教育对家长高血压知晓率、治疗率及控制率的影响  

Effect of hypertension education in primary and secondary school students on hypertension awareness,treatment and control rates of parents

作　　者：王中蓉 王林 木拉力别克·黑扎提 李梅[1] 潘凤瑜 热依拉·阿不都热依木 杨志康 姚晓光[1] 张德莲[1] 常桂娟[1] 骆秦[1] 洪静[1] 吴婷[1] 孙乐[1] 李南方[1] WANG Zhong-rong;WANG Lin;HEIZHATI Mu-la-li-bie-ke;LI Mei;PAN Feng-yu;ABUDUREYIMU Re-yi-la;YANG Zhi-kang;YAO Xiao-guang;ZHANG De-lian;CHANG Gui-juan;LUO Qin;HONG Jing;WU Ting;SUN Le;Li Nan-fang(Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Xinjiang Hypertension Institute/National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院高血压中心,新疆高血压研究所,国家卫生健康委高血压诊疗研究重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中华高血压杂志》2021年第7期629-635,共7页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

基　　金：自治区重点研发计划项目(2017B03015)。

摘　　要：目的探索中小学生高血压知识教育对家长高血压知晓率、治疗率及控制率的影响。方法2014年,选取新疆额敏县27所中小学,根据当地生产方式特点随机选择3所学校作为对照组,余下24所学校作为干预组,根据四种教育方式(课堂教学、宣传手册、手抄报及三者联合形式)及教育频次(分别每学期1、2、3次)随机分成12组,每组2个学校开展为期3年的高血压知识教育。对照组不接受任何干预措施。评估干预后家长的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率情况。结果本研究纳入分析9198名学生的29704名家长(教育组n=25659,对照组n=4045)。干预结束后,与对照组相比,干预组家长高血压知晓率(60.7%比58.1%,P<0.05)和治疗率较高(46.5%比43.1%,P<0.05),患病率(41.3%比42.3%,P>0.05)及控制率(15.7%比14.0%,P>0.05)差异无统计学意义。亚组分析显示,与对照组相比,干预组母亲高血压知晓率(49.2%比41.7%,P<0.05)和治疗率(31.5%比25.3%,P<0.05)较高,而患病率(29.2%比30.7%,P>0.05)及控制率(16.7%比14.6%,P>0.05)与总体结果一致。多种干预方式之间的比较,学生课堂教学对母亲高血压知晓率和治疗率的提高较明显。小学生接受高血压知识课堂教学对母亲高血压知晓率和治疗率提高更有效。结论小学生接受课堂高血压知识教育后,能有效提高其母亲高血压知晓率和治疗率。Objective To explore the influence of hypertension education for primary and secondary school students on the parents hypertension awareness»treatment and control rates.Methods A total of 27 primary and secondary schools in Emin,Xinjiang were enrolled in 2014,three of which were selected as the blank control group according to the characteristics of local production mode,and others remained as the intervention group.Schools of the intervention group were assigned with a three-year hypertension education»and randomly divided into 12 groups based on different education modes(classroom instruction,publicity manual,handmade newspaper or combination of the three)and frequency(1,2 or 3 times per semester respectively).Parents’hypertension prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rates were evaluated after the program.Results Finally,29704 parents(n=25659 in intervention group and n=4045 in control group)of 9198 students were included in analysis.Hypertension awareness(60.7%vs 58.1%,P<0.05)and treatment rate(46.5%vs 43.1%,P<0.05)of parents in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group,while there were no significant difference in prevalence(41.3%vs 42.3%,P>0.05)and control rate(15.7%vs 14.0%,P>0.05).Consistent with overall results,no difference was observed in prevalence(29.2%vs 30.7%,P>0.05)and control rate(16.7%vs 14.6%,P>0.05)of mothers within two groups,yet awareness(49.2%vs 41.7%,P<0.05)and treatment rate(31.5%vs 25.3%,P〈0.05)were significantly higher in the education group,which were further improved in classroom instruction group,especially those in primary schools.Conclusion Mothers'awareness and treatment rate of hypertension can be effectively improved by the media of primary school students with hypertension education in class.

关 键 词：高血压教育 学生 家长 高血压知晓率 高血压治疗率 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病] R193[医药卫生—内科学]