南瓜与葡萄和冬瓜的比较基因组学分析  

Comparative Genomic Analysis of Pumpkin,Grape and Wax Gourd

作　　者：于继高 王金禹 汪建宇 王金朋 Yu Jigao;Wang Jinyu;Wang Jianyu;Wang Jinpeng(School of Life Science,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan,063210)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学生命科学学院,唐山063210

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第14期4525-4535,共11页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：华北理工大学大学生创新项目(X2015016);国家自然科学基金项目(31510333);河北省自然科学基金(C2015209069)共同资助。

摘　　要：南瓜含有丰富的维生素,营养价值极高。两个栽培种中国南瓜(Cucurbita moschata Duch.)和印度南瓜(Cucurbita maxima Duch.)基因组测序完成,为南瓜的比较基因组学分析提供了基础材料。本研究以葫芦科中较保守的冬瓜,以及双子叶葡萄作为参考基因组,对南瓜基因组结构进行了深入分析,证实了南瓜与其他葫芦科共有一次祖先四倍体事件(CCT),并且南瓜属共有一次特异性四倍体事件(CST)。通过细致的基因组结构和共线性分析,发现南瓜基因组中约11%的重复基因由CCT产生;与CST关联的重复基因约占全基因组的40%。以葡萄和冬瓜基因组为参考,构建了南瓜为核心的多基因组与古老多倍化事件和物种分化关联的同源基因比对图谱。另外,多倍化对重要基因家族形成具有重要贡献,以南瓜乙烯合成酶为例,分析了不同多倍化事件在其拷贝数变化上起到了不同程度的作用。该项研究为理解南瓜多倍化过程提供了清晰的基因组同源结构分析证据,对于南瓜基因组形成和基因进化研究提供了重要的比较基因组学基础。Pumpkin is rich in vitamins and has high nutritional value.Sequencing of two cultivars of Chinese pumpkin(Cucurbita moschata Duch.)and Indian pumpkin(Cucurbita maxima Duch.)was completed,which provided basic materials for the comparative genomic analysis of pumpkins.In this article,the wax gourd(Benincasa hispida),more conservative in the Cucurbitaceae,and the grape(Vitis vinifera L.)were used as reference genomes to carry out an in-depth analysis of the two pumpkin genomes.We confirmed that pumpkin shared cucurbit-common tetraploidization event(CCT)and Cucurbita specific tetraploidization event(CST).Through detailed genomic structure and colinearity analysis,we found that about 11%of the duplicate genes were generated by CCT,while associated with CST accounted for about 40%of the entire pumpkin genome.Using grape and wax gourd as references,the multiple genomes alignment map related to the polyploidization and species differentiation was constructed around pumpkins.In addition,polyploidy has an important contribution to the important gene families.Taking 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase(ACS)as an example,it is analyzed that different polyploidy events play different roles in its copy number changes.This study provides clear evidence of genomic homology analysis for understanding the pumpkin polyploidy process,and provides an important basis for comparative genomics for the study of pumpkin genome formation and gene evolution.

关 键 词：葫芦科 南瓜 多倍化 同源共线性 乙烯合成酶 

分 类 号：S642.1[农业科学—蔬菜学] S663.1[农业科学—园艺学] S642.3