水稻早衰突变体es-h的鉴定、遗传分析与基因定位  

Identification,Genetic Analysis and Gene Mapping of Early Senescence Mutant es-h in Rice

作　　者：马梓铭 白慧娇 金永梅[2] 吴涛[1] 朴日花[3] 马艳[3] 姜文洙[1] 都兴林[1] Ma Ziming;Bai Huijiao;JinYongmei;Wu Tao;Piao Rihua;Ma Yan;Jiang Wenzhu;Du Xinglin(College of Plant Science,Jilin University,Changchun,130062;Agricultural biotechnology Institute of Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun,130033;Rice Research Institute of Jilin Academy ofAgricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling,136100)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学植物科学学院,长春130062 [2]吉林省农业科学院农业生物技术研究所,长春130033 [3]吉林省农业科学院水稻研究所,公主岭136100

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第14期4550-4556,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0100504);吉林省省校共建计划专项项目(SXGJSF2017-6);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910183299)共同资助

摘　　要：水稻生殖生长期早衰严重影响水稻产量与品质。本研究利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变粳稻品种花晴稻(Hwacheongbyeo,野生型),获得了水稻生殖生长期叶片早衰突变体,命名为es-h(early senescence-Hwacheongbyeo)。表型鉴定结果表明,该突变体从抽穗后开始叶片出现锈斑,随着灌浆进程急剧枯萎,到抽穗第五周整株枯死。农艺性状分析结果表明,与野生型相比,es-h突变体的抽穗期、穗长、穗颈度和有效分蘖数均无显著变化,而株高、每穗粒数、结实率及千粒重则显著降低。光合生理指标测定结果表明,es-h突变体抽穗后,其剑叶的SPAD值、叶绿素含量、Fv/Fm值及可溶性蛋白含量均急剧下降。遗传分析结果发现,es-h突变体的早衰性状受隐性单基因控制。通过基因定位将目标基因定位于第1号染色体长臂的44.2 kb物理区段上。本研究为Es-h基因的克隆及功能解析、早衰分子机制研究提供了依据。The premature senescence of rice during the reproductive growth period seriously affects rice yield and quality.In this study,ethyl methylsulfonate(EMS)was used to induce the japonica rice variety Hwacheongbyeo to obtain a leaf early senescence mutant during the reproductive growth period of rice,named es-h(early senescence-Hwacheongbyeo).The phenotypic identification results showed that the mutant began to have rust spots on the leaves after heading,and withered rapidly with the filling process,the whole plant died off by the fifth week of heading.The results of agronomic trait analysis showed that compared with the wild type,the es-h mutant had no significant changes in heading date,panicle length,panicle exsertion and effective tiller number,while plant height,grain number per panicle,seed setting rate and thousand kernel weight significantly reduced.The results of photosynthetic physiological index measurement showed that after heading of es-h mutant,the SPAD value,chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm value and soluble protein content of its flag leaf all decreased sharply.Genetic analysis revealed that the premature aging traits of es-h mutants were controlled by recessive single genes.The target gene was located on the 44.2 kb physical segment of the long arm of chromosome 1 through gene mapping.This study provides a basis for Es-h gene cloning and functional analysis,and molecular mechanism of premature aging.

关 键 词：水稻 早衰突变体 遗传分析 基因定位 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]