高粱种子萌发期耐盐和盐敏感材料的筛选、鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Salt-resistant and Salt-sensitive Materials at the Seed Germination Stage of Sorghum

作　　者：王春语[1] 李政君[2] 陈冰嬬[3] 张丽霞[1] Wang Chunyu;Li Zhengjun;Chen Bingru;Zhang Lixia(Sorghum Research Institute,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang,110161;Hainan Crop Breeding Center,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ledong,572541;Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Gongzhuling,136100)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院高粱研究所,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省农业科学院农作物海南育种中心,乐东572541 [3]吉林省农业科学院作物资源研究所,公主岭136100

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第14期4770-4778,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000701,2018YFD1000700);国家自然科学基金(31500203);吉林省农业科技创新工程(CXGC2019DC004)共同资助。

摘　　要：全世界盐渍化土壤越来越多,而适宜在盐渍化土壤上种植的作物却很少。高粱耐盐性极强常被作为作物耐盐性研究的理想模式作物之一。筛选种子萌发期耐盐、盐敏感材料以及挖掘耐盐相关基因对高粱耐盐育种以及探究高粱耐盐分子机制都具有重要意义。利用全球不同地区收集的不同类型高粱材料636份,在水培养条件下进行种子萌发,统计出苗率。出苗率≥90%的材料利用1.2%NaCl模拟盐胁迫筛选耐盐和盐敏感材料。选择抽穗期、株高和用途相近的极度耐盐和盐敏感材料用于基因定位群体的构建。636份高粱材料在28℃水培养条件下,出苗率达到一级、二级、三级、四级和五级的样品数分别为501份、75份、35份、20份和5份,其中出苗率≥90%的材料共有389份。经过1.2%NaCl胁迫处理,且去除沈阳不能正常抽穗结实的材料后,筛选到耐盐材料20份、盐敏感材料18份,共计38份。以抽穗期为横坐标,株高为纵坐标作图。选择抽穗期差异3 d以内、株高差异10 cm以内,共聚合到6组适于杂交的材料,包括耐盐和盐敏感材料共计16份。综合考虑株高、抽穗期、用途和盐胁迫下的相对出苗率差异,8R382/8R196、8R146/8R062和8R340/8R078作为最优杂交组合构建耐盐相关基因定位群体。There are more and more salinized soils in the world.However,few crops are suitable for salinized soils.Sorghum is often used as one of the ideal model crops for salt tolerance research because of high salt tolerance.At the seed germination stage,identification of salt-resistant materials,salt-sensitive materials and salt-resistant genes are very important for sorghum salt-resistant breeding and exploring the molecular mechanism of salt resistance.Under water culturing condition,seedling-emergence rates of 636 sorghum materials were calculated.These sorghum materials are from all over the world and different types.Sorghum materials,which have more than 90%seedling-emergence rates,were used to screen salt-resistant materials and salt-sensitive materials under treatment with 1.2%NaCl.Gene mapping populations were constructed from salt-resistant/sensitive materials,which have similar heading dates,plant height and use.Under water culturing at 28℃,the seedling-emergence rates reached level 1,level 2,level 3,level 4 and level 5 were 501,75,35,20 and 5 of 636 sorghum materials,respectively.There were 389 materials with seedling-emergence rate≥90%.Under the treatment of 1.2%NaCl stress and the removal of the materials that abnormal heading and fertility in Shenyang,20 salt tolerant materials and 18 salt sensitive materials were screened out,a total of 38 materials.The heading date was taken as the abscissa and plant height as the ordinate for drawing picture.Six group materials,containing 16 drought-resistant/sensitive materials,were aggregated with difference of heading date within 3d and plant height within 10 cm.Considering plant height,heading date,use and relative seedling-emergence rate under salt stress,8R382/8R196,8R146/8R062 and 8R340/8R078 were selected as the optimal cross combinations to construct gene mapping populations.

关 键 词：高粱 种子萌发期 相对出苗率 耐盐性 盐敏感材料 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]