缓释氧复合材料不同投加方式对沉积物-水界面污染物迁移的影响  

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSING METHODS OF SLOW-RELEASE OXYGEN COMPOSITE MATERIALS ON THE MIGRATION OF POLLUTANTS AT THE SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACE

作　　者：郭鹏飞 董子义 王颖 付军[3] 王京刚[1] 刘娴静 GUO Peng-fei;DONG Zi-yi;WANG Ying;FU Jun;WANG Jing-gang;LIU Xian-jing(College of Chemical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;College of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Sino-Japan Friendship Centre for Environmental Protection,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学化学工程学院,北京100029 [2]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100048 [3]中日友好环境保护中心,北京100029

出　　处：《环境工程》2021年第5期1-8,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07110004)。

摘　　要：为改善湖泊沉积物-水界面生境,开发了一种可原位供氧同时削减内源氮释放的缓释氧材料。发现以m(CaO_(2))∶m(白土)∶m(水泥)=2∶1∶1制备的缓释氧材料具有较好的释氧和pH缓冲能力。通过模拟实验比较缓释氧材料不同投加方式(表层投加和泥内投加)对释氧和沉积物中污染物释放的影响。结果表明:1)表层投加缓释氧材料使得上覆水中DO浓度和pH值明显升高,而在泥内投加可以使pH值维持在7.5以内,同时DO浓度缓慢增加,延长了释氧周期;2)缓释氧材料对沉积物中NH^(+)_(4)-N释放有显著的抑制作用,且表层投加方式明显高于泥内投加,以空白组作参比,静态培养31 d后,泥内加入缓释氧材料对NH+4-N的抑制率为53.4%,而表层投加对NH^(+)_(4)-N的抑制率达到81.1%,投加释氧材料有利于提高上覆水DO水平,促进硝化细菌的生长,从而抑制NH^(+)_(4)-N的释放;3)缓释氧材料有利于微生物生长,促进了微生物腐殖化作用,从而对沉积物中类陆源腐植酸的释放略有促进,而对类酪氨酸蛋白释放略有抑制;4)缓释氧材料可促进沉积物中Fe/Al-P向Ca-P转化,对DIP的释放略有抑制,但由于pH增加导致沉积物中DOC以及重金属As和Cr的释放略有增加。In order to improve the lake sediment-water interface habitat, a slow-release oxygen material that can supply oxygen in situ and reduce the release of endogenous nitrogen was developed. The slow-release oxygen material prepared with CaO_(2)∶white clay∶cement=2∶1∶1(mass ratio) had good oxygen release and pH buffering capability. The simulation experiment compared the effects of different dosing methods of slow-release oxygen materials(surface dosing and in-mud dosing) on the release of oxygen and the release of pollutants in the sediments. The results showed that: 1) the DO concentration and pH value of the overlying water were significantly increased by surface dosing, and in-mud dosing could maintain the pH value within 7.5, while the DO concentration increased slowly, prolonging the oxygen release period;2) slow-release oxygen materials had a significant inhibitory effect on release of NH^(+)_(4)-N in the sediment, and surface dosing was significantly effective than in-mud dosing. Taking the blank group as the reference, after 31 days of static culture, the inhibition rate of NH^(+)_(4)-N by adding slow-release oxygen material into the mud was 53.4%, and that of the surface dosing was 81.1%. Adding oxygen-releasing materials increased the level of DO in the overlying water and promoted the growth of nitrifying bacteria, thereby inhibiting the release of NH^(+)_(4)-N;3) slow-release oxygen materials were beneficial to microorganisms growth which promoted the humification of microorganisms, thereby slightly promoted the release of terrestrial-like humic acids in the sediments, while slightly inhibited the release of tyrosine-like proteins;4) slow-release oxygen materials could promote the conversion of Fe/Al-P to Ca-P in the sediment which slightly inhibited the release of DIP, but the release of DOC and arsenic and chromium in the sediment increased slightly, due to the increase of pH.

关 键 词：缓释氧材料 氧剖面 氮磷释放 DOM 重金属 分级磷 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]