海口市2013-2019年流行性感冒流行病学特征和病原学构成  

Clinical Epidemiologic Characteristics and Etiological Composition of Influenza in Haikou from 2013 to 2019,China

作　　者：曾小平[1,2] 陈琴[1] 李永武[1] 林春燕[1,2] ZENG Xiaoping;CHEN Qin;LI Yongwu;LIN Chunyan(Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,HaikouCity,571100 China;Haikou Research Base of Key Laboratory of Infectious Surveillance and Early Warning of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou City,571100 China)

机构地区：[1]海口市疾病预防控制中心,海口5711000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病监测预警重点实验室海口研究基地,海口5711000

出　　处：《病毒学报》2021年第4期853-859,共7页Chinese Journal of Virology

摘　　要：海口市2017年至2019年流感暴发疫情呈持续增长,为了解海口市流行性感冒病原构成以及流行特征及趋势,特收集2013-2019年海口市2家国家级流感哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)监测数据,采用实时聚合酶链反应(realtime PCR)方法进行流感病毒核酸检测。研究分析显示海口市2013-2019年平均流感样病例就诊比例(ILI%)为2.97%,在ILI中0~岁组占比最大为49.44%;流感网络实验室共检测ILI标本14764份,检出流感病毒阳性数2577份,总检出率为17.45%;流感流行呈双峰分布,春夏季3-7月和秋冬流行峰10月-次年1月;流感病毒B型,新甲H1型和季H3型占比分别为35.04%、32.52%和32.21%;各监测年度优势毒株分别为新甲H1型和B型占79.55%、新甲H1型和季H3型占83.15%、季H3型和B型占98.71%、B型和季H3型占71.89%、季H3型和B型占86.38%、B型和新甲H1型占97.27%、B型和季H3型占76.04%;流感暴发疫情均发生在学校,以季H3型为主,占41.38%,暴发疫情起数呈逐年上升趋势(趋势线分析R2=0.79)。结果表明海口市流感流行呈春夏、秋冬双峰分布特征;各年度优势毒株不一,流感病毒亚型毒株呈现混合交替流行态势;流感的活动水平呈逐年上升趋势,疫情形势日趋严峻;学校是海口市流感防控重点场所;应加强学校流感监测和提高学生流感疫苗的接种率,以利于海口市流感疫情的有效防控。Influenza outbreak continued to increase in Haikou City from 2017 to 2019,China.In order to know the etiological composition of influenza and its epidemiologic characters and trend,we collected the surveillance data of the influenza⁃like illness from two national sentinel hospitals from 2013 to 2019 in Haikou City,China and conducted the nucleic acid test with real⁃time PCR.Research analysis showed the average visit⁃ratio of the influenza⁃like Illness(ILI%)from 2013 to 2019 was 2.97%,the highest visit⁃ratio of the 0⁃year⁃old group was 49.44%.The influenza network laboratory tested 14764 ILI samples,of which 2577 samples were positive in nucleic acid test by PCR,total positive rate was 17.45%.The influenza epidemic appeared bimodal distribution,it outbroke from March to July in Spring and Summer,and from October to January of next year in Autumn and Winter.The epidemic viruses in the surveillance years were mainly New A H1 and B type,which accounted for 79.55%.The new A H1 and Seasonal H3 subtype accounted for 83.15%.The Seasonal H3 subtype and B type accounted for 98.71%.The B type and Seasonal H3 subtype accounted for 71.89%.The Seasonal H3 subtype and the B type virus accounted for 86.38%.The B type and the New A H1 accounted for 97.27%The B type and the Seasonal H3 type accounted for 76.04%.All of the epidemic occored in school and the main virus was the Seasonal H3 subtype,which accounted for 41.38%.The flu epidemic was increasing year by year(R2 of the Trend⁃line Model=0.79).The result implicated that the flu epidemic has the character of bimodal distribution in Spring and Summer,and in Autumn and Winter.Each year outbreaks with different epidemic virus.The subtype virus of the influenza has a trend of alternative hybrid,and the epidemic level also is increasing year by year,the situation is increasingly serious.School is the key venue of influenza control and prevention in Haikou.We should strengthen the Influenza etiology surveillance in schools and improve the vaccination rate of influenza

关 键 词：流感 流感样病例 流行病学特征 病原学监测 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]