黑龙江省30年来农田生态系统碳源/汇强度及碳足迹变化  

Changes of Carbon Source/Sink Intensity and Carbon Footprint of Farmland Ecosystem in Heilongjiang Province in Recent 30 Years

作　　者：郝小雨[1] HAO Xiao-yu(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Environment Resources,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2021年第8期97-104,共8页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX1310);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300503-02);黑龙江省农业科学院高效、绿色现代农业示范项目(TGY-2020-37)。

摘　　要：为明确黑龙江省农田生态系统碳源/汇强度及碳足迹变化,基于1990-2019年黑龙江省农作物播种面积、产量和农业投入等数据,利用农田生态系统碳足迹模型,对黑龙江省农田生态系统碳排放、碳吸收和碳足迹进行估算。结果表明:黑龙江省农田生态系统碳排放呈“阶梯状”增加趋势,年均增加7.0%,其中化肥施用和灌溉是碳排放的主要贡献因子。黑龙江省农田生态系统单位面积碳排放量在164.8~313.7 kg·hm-2,低于全国平均水平。黑龙江省农田系统具有较强的碳汇能力,碳吸收量明显高于碳排放量,两者比例为19.4∶1,其中玉米、水稻和豆类作物碳吸收量较高,占比分别为39.4%、31.4%和14.0%。黑龙江省农业生态系统的碳足迹呈现波动增加趋势,但碳足迹占同时期作物播种面积的比例较低(4.2%~6.6%)。可见,黑龙江省农田生态系统处于良好的碳生态盈余状态,具有较好的生态屏障作用。In order to clarify the carbon source/sink intensity and carbon footprint change of farmland ecosystem in Heilongjiang Province,based on the data of crop planting area,yield and agricultural input in Heilongjiang Province from 1990 to 2019,the carbon emissions,carbon absorption and carbon footprint of farmland ecosystem were estimated by using the carbon footprint model of farmland ecosystem.The results showed that farmland ecosystem carbon emissions showed a"step-like"increasing trend,with an average annual increase of 7.0%,among which chemical fertilizer and irrigation were the main contributing factors in Heilongjiang Province.The carbon emissions per unit area of farmland ecosystem in Heilongjiang Province ranged from 164.8 to 313.7 kg·hm-2,which was lower than the national average.The farmland system in Heilongjiang Province had a strong carbon sink capacity,and the carbon absorption was significantly higher than the carbon emission,with a ratio of 19.4∶1,among which the carbon absorption of corn,rice and legumes was higher,accounting for 39.4%,31.4%and 14.0%,respectively.The carbon footprint of agroecosystem in Heilongjiang Province showed a fluctuating increasing trend,but the carbon footprint accounted for a relatively low proportion(between 4.2%and 6.6%)of the sown area of crop in the same period.Based on the above analysis,the farmland ecosystem in Heilongjiang Province was in a good state of carbon ecological surplus and had a good ecological barrier effect.

关 键 词：农田生态系统 碳排放 碳吸收 碳足迹 黑龙江省 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]