星敏感器支架多学科多目标优化设计方法  

Multidisciplinary Multi-objective Optimization Design Method of Star Sensor Bracket

作　　者：裴彦伟 谭陆洋 谷松 张雷[1,2] 侯广冰 PEI Yanwei;TAN Luyang;GU Song;ZHANG Lei;HOU Guangbing(Chang Guang Satellite Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130033,China;Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130031,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]长光卫星技术有限公司,长春130033 [2]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,长春130031 [3]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130033

出　　处：《航天器工程》2021年第4期99-106,共8页Spacecraft Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFB0500904)。

摘　　要：针对高分辨率光学卫星对星敏感器支架结构轻量化和指向精度的严苛需求,文章提出一种基于力学和热学的多学科、多目标拓扑优化方法,并设计了一种高比刚度、高指向精度的圆筒式支架。首先,建立静态柔度最小和动态刚度最大的多目标拓扑优化数学模型,确定优化参数;其次,考虑结构和热稳定性,进行多学科多目标协同优化,获取最优的结构形式;然后,通过有限元法对优化后支架进行热稳定性和动力学分析,利用最小二乘法对热变形数据进行拟合,计算出星敏感器指向精度;最后,进行热真空和振动响应特性试验验证。结果表明:星敏感器组件的结构基频为425.6 Hz,结构轻量化率超过45%,指向精度为2.71″,圆筒式支架具有较高的结构/热稳定性和指向精度,满足卫星对其高性能指标的要求,验证了优化方法的可行性,为高精度器件的结构设计提供了一种有效方法。In order to meet the stringent requirements of high resolution optical satellite for lightweight and pointing accuracy of star sensor bracket,a multidisciplinary and multi-objective topology optimization method based on mechanics and thermodynamics is proposed,a cylindrical support with high specific stiffness and high pointing accuracy is designed.Firstly,the mathematical model of multi-objective topology optimization with minimum static compliance and maximum dynamic stiffness is established,and the optimization parameters are determined.Secondly,considering the structure and thermal stability,multidisciplinary and multi-objective collaborative optimization is carried out to obtain the optimal structure.Then,the thermal stability and dynamics of the optimized support are analyzed by the finite element method,the least square method is used to fit the thermal deformation data,and the pointing accuracy of the star sensor is calculated.Finally,the thermal vacuum and vibration response characteristic tests are carried out and verified.Results indicates that the natural frequency of the star sensor component is 425.6Hz,the lightweight rate of structure is over 45%,the pointing accuracy is 2.71″,and cylindrical support has higher thermal stability and pointing accuracy,which meet the satellite′s requirements for high performance index.The test verifies the feasibility of optimization method,and provides an effective method for the structure design of high-precision devices.

关 键 词：星敏感器 圆筒式支架 热变形 高指向精度 多学科多目标优化 

分 类 号：V423.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]