应用啮齿类动物建立妊娠期糖尿病模型的研究进展  

Research progress on establishment of gestational diabetes mellitus model in rodents

作　　者：刁天 贺斌 DIAO Tian;HE Bin(National Research Institute for Family Planning,NHC Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Engineering&Technology Research Center(NRIFP),Beijing 100081;Graduate School,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委科学技术研究所,国家卫生健康委员会生殖健康工程技术研究中心,北京100081 [2]北京协和医学院研究生院,北京100730

出　　处：《生殖医学杂志》2021年第8期1122-1126,共5页Journal of Reproductive Medicine

基　　金：中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2018-I2M-1-004)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着人们生活方式的改变,肥胖等代谢性疾病的患病率逐年上升,由此导致以肥胖为最大诱因的妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)跃升为妊娠期最常伴发的代谢紊乱性疾病。GDM的病因十分复杂,涉及遗传和环境因素两个方面,其主要特征为妊娠中后期出现的高血糖或葡萄糖不耐受,且多数情况下为轻微的血糖升高或葡萄糖耐受不良,并在分娩不久后消失,因此,建立出一种完全重现这种疾病特征的动物模型较为困难。本文对4种经典的GDM建模方法以及近年来新开发的GDM建模策略进行详细综述,为后续对GDM建模方法的改进以及对GDM病因和不良后果的研究提供参考。In recent years,with the change of people’s lifestyle,the prevalence of obesity and other metabolic diseases has been increasing year by year.As a result,gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)with obesity as the biggest cause has become the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy.The etiology of GDM is very complex,involving two aspects of genetic and environmental factors.Its main characteristic is hyperglycemia or glucose intolerance in the middle and late gestation,and in most cases is slight hyperglycemia or glucose intolerance,which disappears shortly after delivery.Therefore,it is very difficult to establish an animal model that fully reproduces the characteristics of this disease.In this review,the four classic GDM modeling methods and newly developed modeling strategies in recent years were reviewed in detail,in order to provide reference for the research on the improvement of GDM modeling methods and the causes and adverse consequences of GDM in the future.

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 肥胖 胰岛素抵抗 实验动物模型 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学] R714.7[医药卫生—临床医学]