不同阻燃剂阻燃聚丙烯的火灾危险性分析  

Fire Risk Analysis of Polypropylene Materials with Different Flame Retardants

作　　者：付钧泽 姜红[1] 孙振文[2] Fu Junze;Jiang Hong;Sun Zhenwen(Institute of Criminal Investigation,People’s Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学侦查学院,北京100038 [2]公安部物证鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2021年第8期105-112,共8页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：中国工程院咨询研究项目(2020-XY-28);公安部科技强警基础工作专项项目(2020GABJC17)。

摘　　要：采用垂直燃烧法和锥形量热法研究了添加四种不同类型阻燃剂的聚丙烯(PP)试样的阻燃性能和燃烧行为,提出了火势增长指数、放热指数、发烟指数和毒气生成速率指数4个评价试样火灾危险性的指标,根据每个指标对不同试样的火灾危险性进行了评价。结果表明,四种阻燃试样的热释放速率都有所降低,但只有氮系阻燃试样降低了比消光面积,同时溴系和无机磷阻燃试样提高了一氧化碳释放速率,试样在4个不同指标的逐项评价下排序也不尽相同。通过熵权法对指标赋权,建立了综合评价火灾危险性的新方法。研究发现,毒气生成速率指数在各指标中所起作用最大,火势增长指数所起作用最小,四种阻燃PP试样火灾危险性排序由小到大为氮系阻燃PP<膨胀阻燃PP<纯PP<无机磷阻燃PP<溴系阻燃PP,该结果可为火灾的防治和阻燃材料燃烧性能研究提供借鉴。The flame retardancy and combustion behaviors of polypropylene(PP)samples with four different types of flame retardants were studied by vertical combustion method and cone calorimetry method.Four fire risk indexes,i.e.fire growth index,heat release index,smoke index and poison gas generation rate index,were proposed to evaluate the fire risk of the samples,according to each index,the fire risk of different samples was evaluated.The results show that the heat release rates of the four flame retardant samples are decreased,however,the specific extinction area of the nitrogen flame retardant sample only decreases,and the release rate of carbon monoxide increases in bromine and inorganic phosphorus flame retardant samples.The order of the samples is not the same under the evaluating item by item for the four different indexes.A new method for comprehensive evaluation of fire risk was established by entropy weight method.The results show that the poison gas generation rate index plays the most important role in all indexes,and the fire growth index plays the least role.The order of fire risk of the four flame retardant PP samples from small to large is nitrogen flame retardant PP<intumescent flame retardant PP<pure PP<inorganic phosphorus flame retardant PP<bromine flame retardant PP.The results can provide reference for fire prevention and combustion performance research of flame retardant materials.

关 键 词：阻燃聚丙烯 燃烧性能 锥形量热仪 火灾危险性 熵权法 

分 类 号：TQ322.2[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]