电动重型叉车工况自识别势能回收控制系统  

Potential Energy Recovery Control System with Self-identification of Working Condition for Electric Heavy Forklift

作　　者：黄素德 陈海斌 任好玲[2] 林添良[2] HUANG Su-de;CHEN Hai-bin;REN Hao-ling;LIN Tian-liang(Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Xiamen City University, Xiamen, Fujian 361008;College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021)

机构地区：[1]厦门城市职业学院机械与自动化工程系,福建厦门361008 [2]华侨大学机电及自动化学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《液压与气动》2021年第8期39-45,共7页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2009904);国家自然科学基金(51875218);福建省自然科学基金(2019J01060);福建省高校产学研重大项目(2019H6015)。

摘　　要：针对电动重型叉车在轻载和重载举升时具有速度范围宽且蕴含丰富重力势能的特点,同时为避免单一大排量液压马达发电机在重载低速时对重力势能的回收效率较低的问题,提出一种基于双液压马达发电机的势能回收系统。所提出的势能回收系统包含2套液压马达发电机,依据操作手柄信号进行单/双液压马达发电机回收模式切换。讨论了举升油缸在带载下降时的工作模式决策规则和控制策略,并搭建了AMESim势能回收系统模型,对比分析了传统节流、单液压马达发电机、双液压马达发电机系统的举升油缸速度和无杆腔压力曲线,并通过样机试验验证了势能回收系统的节能性。试验结果表明,所提出的势能回收系统在大负载工况下具有较高的回收效率,可达74%;在不同货叉下降速度下,均可保持60%以上的回收效率。Aiming at the characteristics of wide speed range when lifting under light and heavy loads and abundant gravitational potential energy,a Potential Energy Recovery System(PERS)based on dual-Hydraulic Motor Generators(HMGs)is proposed to avoid the problem of low recovery efficiency of single-HMG when lifting under heavy load and low speed condition.The proposed PERS consists of two sets of HMGs,which can switch between single/dual HMGs recovery mode according to the operating handle signal.The working mode decision rules and control strategy when the lifting oil cylinder is dropping with load are discussed.AMESim is used to set up the PERS model.And the speed and rodless cavity pressure among the traditional throttle system,single-HMG system,and dual-HMG system are compared and analyzed.The energy saving of the proposed PERS is verified by prototype testing.The results show that the proposed PERS has a higher recovery efficiency of 74%under heavy load condition and the recovery efficiency can be kept above 60%under different descending speed.

关 键 词：工程机械 重型叉车 纯电驱动 势能回收 液压马达发电机 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]