全球海洋病毒数据库中新型噬病毒体的发现  

Novel virophages discovered in global ocean viromes

作　　者：周亮 徐声忠 盛伊建 王永杰[1,2] ZHOU Liang;XU Shengzhong;SHENG Yijian;WANG Yongjie(College of Food Science&Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation(Shanghai),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]农业农村部水产品质量安全贮藏保鲜风险评估实验室(上海),上海201306

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2021年第4期43-48,共6页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41376135,31570112)。

摘　　要：噬病毒体是寄生于原生生物巨病毒的一类小型双链DNA病毒。带有噬病毒体的巨病毒侵染单细胞真核宿主的能力下降,结果使得真核宿主的存活率上升。噬病毒体最早分离自巨病毒和单细胞真核宿主的共培养体系。随后基于宏基因组学分析表明,噬病毒体广泛分布于全球水环境中(尤其是淡水环境中)。通过深度分析全球海洋病毒数据库(Global Ocean Viromes)序列,挖掘出了3条完整的、新的噬病毒体全基因组序列(Global Ocean Viromes Virophage_1/2/3,GOV_V1/2/3)。系统发育和基因组分析表明,GOV_V1与藻类巨病毒的潜在噬病毒体(如QLV和YSLV1,4,6)亲缘关系最近,GOV2_V2和GOV2_V3则与阿米巴虫巨病毒的噬病体(Sputnik家族)亲缘性最近。结果显示,微藻可能是GOV2_V1的真核宿主,而原生动物可能是GOV2_V2和GOV2_V3的真核宿主。Virophages are small double-stranded DNA viruses that parasitize giant viruses of protists.With the co-existence of virophages,giant viruses decrease the infection of single-cell eukaryotic hosts,resulting in increased survival rates of eukaryotic hosts.Virophage were firstly isolated from the co-culture system of giant viruses and eukaryotic hosts.Subsequently,metagenomic analysis showed that they widely distributed in the global aquatic environments,especially in fresh water habitats.Here complete genomic sequences of three novel virophages(Global Ocean Viromes Virophage_1/2/3,GOV_V1/2/3)were identified through in-depth analysis of the Global Ocean Viromes datasets.Phylogenetic and genomic analyses indicated that GOV_V1 is most closely related to potential algae virus-infecting virophages(such as QLV and YSLV1,4,6),and GOV2_V2/3 are mostly related to amoeba-infecting virophages(Sputnikvirus).These findings indicated that microalgae may be the hosts of GOV2_V1,while protozoan may be the hosts of GOV2_V2/3.

关 键 词：噬病毒体 全球海洋病毒数据库 宏病毒组 

分 类 号：Q939.48[生物学—微生物学]