不同病原体特异性抗体胎盘转运效率的比较及影响因素浅析  

Comparison of placenta transfer efficiencies among different pathogen specific antibodies and preliminary analysis of related influential factors

作　　者：刘洋[1] 王静 傅传喜 万延民 闫冬梅[1] LIU Yang;WANG Jing;FU Chuan-Xi;WAN Yan-Min;YAN Dong-Mei(Key Laboratory of Microecological Immune Regulation Network,Basic Medical Sciences,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154007,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学基础医学院微生态免疫调节网络重点实验室,佳木斯154007 [2]浙江中医药大学公共卫生学院,杭州310053

出　　处：《中国免疫学杂志》2021年第14期1752-1756,共5页Chinese Journal of Immunology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81671636,81971559);佳木斯大学校级人才培养计划项目(RC2010-019);黑龙江省北药与功能食品优势特色学科建设项目资助。

摘　　要：目的:比较不同病原体特异性抗体的胎盘转运效率并对相关影响因素进行初步解析。方法:选取237对健康分娩的产妇及其新生儿作为研究对象,采集母婴外周血标本并采用中和实验或ELISA方法检测血浆中A群、C群脑膜炎球菌,麻疹病毒,柯萨奇病毒A16型,肠道病毒71型以及脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型特异性抗体滴度。通过计算新生儿与其母亲血浆抗体滴度比值来反映特异性IgG的胎盘转运效率。结果:总体而言,病毒特异性抗体的胎盘转运效率显著高于A、C群脑膜炎球菌特异性抗体,其中尤以麻疹病毒特异性抗体的胎盘转运效率最高。研究发现新生儿性别和抗体来源(疫苗接种vs自然感染)对抗体的胎盘转运效率无显著性差异,但是部分抗体的胎盘转运效率之间却呈显著正相关。进一步分析显示病原体的遗传距离越接近,则相应的特异性抗体胎盘转运效率之间的正相关趋势愈显著。结论:脑膜炎球菌(多糖类抗原)特异性抗体的胎盘转运效率显著低于病毒(蛋白类抗原)特异性抗体,未见不同病原体特异性抗体在胎盘转运效率方面呈显著负相关。此外,新生儿性别及抗体来源(减毒疫苗vs自然感染)对IgG的胎盘转运效率无显著性差异。Objective:To compare the placenta transfer efficiencies among different pathogen specific antibodies and explore related influential factors.Methods:237 pairs of healthy women and their newborns were enrolled in this study.Peripheral blood was collected for testing antibody responses against meningitis A,meningitis C,measles virus,Coxsackie virus A16,enterovirus 71,poliovirusⅠ,poliovirusⅡand poliovirusⅢby using either ELISA or neutralizing assays.Antibody titer ratios between newborns and their mothers were calculated to reflect placenta transfer efficiencies of different pathogen specific antibodies.Results:Generally,placenta transfer efficiencies of virus specific antibodies were significantly higher than those of meningitis A and meningitis C specific antibodies.Among which,measles virus specific antibody showed the highest placenta transfer efficiency.Furthermore,Research found that the gender of newborns and the source of antibody(vaccination vs infection)did not impact antibody placenta transfer.While,correlation analysis showed that placenta transfer efficiencies of some antibodies positively associated with each other.And phylogenetic analysis further suggested that more significant correlations tended to be observed among more phylogenetically similar pathogens.Conclusion:The placenta transfer efficiency of meningococcus(polysaccharide antigen)specific antibodies are lower than virus(protein antigen)specific antibodies.Besides,the gender of newborns or the source of antibody(live attenuated vaccine vs natural infection)has no significant impact on IgG placenta transfer.And different pathogen specific antibodies do not negatively correlate with each other during placenta transfer.

关 键 词：抗体 胎盘转运 细菌 病毒 

分 类 号：R392.9[医药卫生—免疫学]