南阳凹陷魏岗矿区三维地震观测系统设计研究  

Design of 3D seismic observation system in Weigang mining area of Nanyang sag

作　　者：赵雨晴[1] ZHAO Yuqing(Huabei Company,Petroleum Engineering Geophysics Co.,Ltd.,SINOPEC,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油工程地球物理有限公司华北分公司,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《石油地质与工程》2021年第4期12-15,共4页Petroleum Geology and Engineering

摘　　要：在建筑物密集、人口密集、各种管网密集的大型矿区或城镇进行高精度三维地震采集时,复杂的地表条件造成许多炸药震源无法在正常的激发点位激发,如果出现大量空炮就会影响地下目的层反射信息的采集效果。为了对矿区地下复杂地震反射信息进行有效采集,针对魏岗矿区面积大,矿区内建筑密集,采油作业设施较多,地下构造复杂的特点,根据正演模拟技术和覆盖次数定量计算,确定面元大小及目的层覆盖次数。利用卫星图片进行实地测量,制作大比例尺电子地图,为激发点、检波点位置选择提供依据。利用接收道替换激发炮法、增加接收道数法与变动激发点位置法进行观测系统设计,在矿区内绿化地带加密炮点,将矿区内炮点偏移加密到矿区周边,矿区内以道补炮、以接收道代替激发炮,在横向上增加接收线,纵向上增加接收道等方法进行施工。基于目的层分析的观测系统设计,在矿区范围内中浅层缺口得到有效弥补,保证了目的层段的覆盖次数与反射信息的完整性,取得了较好的采集效果。When high-precision 3D seismic acquisition is carried out in large mining areas or towns with dense buildings,dense population and various pipe networks,many explosive sources cannot be excited at normal excitation points due to complex surface conditions.If a large number of air guns appear,the acquisition effect of underground target layer reflection information will be affected.According to the characteristics of Weigang mining area,such as large area,dense buildings in the mining area,more oil production facilities and complex underground structure,in order to effectively collect complex seismic reflection information in the mining area,the size of bin and coverage times of target layer are determined according to forward modeling technology and quantitative calculation of coverage times.Using satellite images for field measurement,large scale electronic map is made to provide the basis for the location selection of excitation point and detection point.The observation system is designed by using the methods of replacing shot with receiving channel,increasing the number of receiving channels and changing the location of shot points.The shot points are encrypted in the green belt of the mining area,and the offset of shot points in the mining area is encrypted to the periphery of the mining area.The construction is carried out by using the methods of replacing shot with receiving channel,increasing receiving line horizontally and increasing receiving channel vertically.The design of the observation system based on the analysis of the target layer can effectively make up the gap between the middle and shallow layers in the mining area,ensure the coverage times of the target layer and the integrity of the reflected information,and achieve good acquisition results.

关 键 词：魏岗矿区 观测系统 激发点 高精度三维 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]