医用大型蒸汽灭菌器蒸汽“冷点”分布特性研究  

Study on the Characteristics of Steam"Cold Point"Distribution in Medical Large Steam Sterilizers

作　　者：许澍[1] 李辉[2] 钟衍程 陆规[3] 祝天宇 戴晓业[2] 朱娟 XU Shu;LI Hui;ZHONG Yancheng;LU Gui;ZHU Tianyu;DAI Xiaoye;ZHU Juan

机构地区：[1]云南省计量测试技术研究院,云南昆明650041 [2]清华大学热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [3]华北电力大学电站能量传递转化与系统教育部重点实验室,北京102206 [4]北京林电伟业电子技术有限公司,北京100097

出　　处：《计量与测试技术》2021年第7期1-4,8,共5页Metrology & Measurement Technique

基　　金：国家市场监督管理总局技术保障专项项目(项目编号:2020YJ025)资助。

摘　　要：医用大型灭菌器承担着医疗器械的消毒灭菌工作,关系到患者的生命安全。医疗器械灭菌过程内部的温度,尤其是局部的“冷点”温度的监测对灭菌质量有着决定性的影响。本文采用实验和数值模拟方法对医用大型灭菌器内内部冷点分布情况进行研究,为医用大型蒸汽灭菌器的计量校准和溯源提供技术依据。研究发现高温灭菌室内温度并非全部均匀分布,以点盖全的监测手段在医院灭菌监控中存在不足,单靠某一测点温度来维持除菌时间并不可靠。灭菌过程中蒸汽的流速对灭菌室内“冷点”分布极其重要,随着入口蒸汽速度的增加,温度的最大值与最小值之差逐渐减小,局部低温区域将逐渐消失;对于非满载工况,室内温度变化相差较大,传统冷点测试方法不适用。Medical large sterilizers are responsible for sterilizing medical devices,which is related to the safety of patients'lives.The monitoring of the internal temperature of medical instruments,especially the local"cold spot"temperature,has a decisive influence on the sterilization quality.In this paper,we use experimental and numerical simulation methods to study the distribution of internal cold spots in large medical sterilizers to provide a technical basis for the metrological calibration and traceability of medical large steam sterilizers.It is found that the temperature inside the autoclave is not uniformly distributed,and the point-covered monitoring means are inadequate in hospital sterilization monitoring.It is not reliable to maintain the sterilization time by a single measurement point temperature.As the inlet steam speed increases,the difference between the maximum and minimum temperature decreases,a nd the local low temperature area will gradually disappear;for non-full load conditions,the temperature variation in the room is large,and the traditional"cold point"test method is not applicable.

关 键 词：高温蒸汽 冷点 流动相变 灭菌 湿包 大型蒸汽灭菌器 

分 类 号：TB9[一般工业技术—计量学]