R32与R1234yf可燃性对比及燃烧抑制研究  

Flammability Comparison and Flame Retardancy Research on R32 and R1234yf

作　　者：石玉琦 杨昭[1] 吕子建 武晓昆 Shi Yuqi;Yang Zhao;LüZijian;Wu Xiaokun(Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Low and Medium Grade Energy,Tianjin University,MOE,Tianjin,300350,China;National Engineering Research Center of Green Refrigeration Equipment,Zhuhai,519070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学中低温热能高效利用教育部重点实验室,天津300350 [2]格力空调设备及系统运行节能国家重点实验室,珠海519070

出　　处：《制冷学报》2021年第4期12-19,共8页Journal of Refrigeration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51936007)资助项目;中国制冷学会课题(CAR20190701)项目资助

摘　　要：卤代烷烃和卤代烯烃等人工合成制冷剂的可燃性限制了其使用范围,研究其燃烧反应机理是可燃性制冷剂燃烧阻抑的基础。本文研究了R1234yf为代表的低碳氟代烯烃燃烧点火延迟、燃烧过程温度、压力、典型基团变化过程,并对比了R32和R1234yf燃烧机理与反应路径。研究结果表明:R32和R1234yf与烷烃和烯烃燃烧模型吻合,R1234yf点火延迟更高,加成和夺取反应更加复杂;通过反应路径的研究发现,两种可燃性工质中间稳定产物存在较多重合,在R32中仅添加摩尔分数为10%的R1234yf时,当量比为1时的燃烧平衡温度可下降87.5℃;添加摩尔分数为5%的R32时,混合物的燃烧平衡温度可下降21.0℃,混合物可燃性可低于两者任意组分;添加少量R32后点火时间提前,放热反应的自由基生成峰值明显降低。The flammability of synthetic refrigerants such as hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs)and hydrofluoroolefins(HFOs)limits their scope of use.Studying their combustion mechanism lays the foundation of combustion inhibition of flammable refrigerants.In this paper,the ignition delay,temperature,pressure,and typical reactant group in process of reaction of a low-carbon HFO,R1234yf,are studied,and the combustion mechanism and reaction path of R32 and R1234yf are compared.The results show that the combustion models are mostly consistent with of alkanes and olefins.R1234yf′s ignition delay is higher,and the addition and capture reactions are complicated;through the study of the reaction path,it was found that the intermediate stable products of the two flammable working fluids have many overlaps.When R1234yf is 10%,at an equivalent ratio of 1.0,the combustion equilibrium temperature can be reduced by 87.5℃compared to that for pure R32;when R32 is 5%,the combustion equilibrium temperature can be reduced by 21.0℃compared to that for pure R1234yf.The flammability of the mixture was lower than that of any of the two components.With the addition of R32,the ignition time increase,and the peak of free radicals boosting the exothermic reaction was significantly reduced.

关 键 词：制冷剂 可燃性 阻燃 反应路径 混合抑制 

分 类 号：TB61.2[一般工业技术—制冷工程] TQ038[化学工程]