基于SWMM和MIKE11的改善雨后城市河湖水质优化调度方案研究  

Study on optimal water dispatching plan for improving urban river and lake water quality after rainfall based on SWMM and MIKE11

作　　者：杨芬[1] 魏尊莉[1] 刘军梅[1] 王筱菊 YANG Fen;WEI Zunli;LIU Junmei;WANG Xiaoju(Beijing Institute of Water,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水利规划设计研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2021年第7期73-84,共12页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金重点研究专题项目(Z160001)。

摘　　要：降雨径流污染是水体污染的主要来源之一。针对雨后城市河湖水环境恶化、水质不达标问题,为降低初期雨水给河湖水质造成的不利影响,以北京市中心城区通惠河水系河网为典型,梳理了河湖水环境系统运行现状,建立了水动力-水质模型,模拟分析了雨后不同新水补水调度工况下河湖水质变化情况,提出了改善雨后河湖水质新水补水调度方案,可为相关部门实施雨后河湖生态用水精细化调度提供技术参考。结果表明,研究范围主要河流现状水质情况总体较好,COD、TP、NH_3-N指标基本达到地表Ⅲ类水质目标;发生中雨、大雨级别降雨后,河道COD浓度峰值最高可增至雨前水平的5~6倍,TP增至16~20倍,NH_3-N增至10~12倍;在降雨结束后应尽早启动新水加大补水调度,总补水流量在日常4~5 m^(3)/s基础上增至7~9 m^(3)/s,可实现河湖水质恢复到雨前水平所需时间由日常4~5 d缩减至3~4 d,河湖主要水质污染物超标持续时间缩减20%~40%。Rainfall runoff pollution is one of the main sources of water pollution.In order to reduce the adverse effects about water environment deterioration and substandard water quality caused by rainfall runoff pollution,taking the Tonghui river system in the central city of Beijing as a typical example,a hydrodynamic-water quality model is established after analyzing the current status of water environment system,and the optimal water dispatching plan is proposed on the analysis of the simulated water quality change under different new water dispatching schemes for improving river and lake water quality after rainfall,which could provide technical reference for relevant departments to implement refined ecological-oriented water regulation.The study result shows that the current water quality indicators such as COD,total phosphorus,and ammonia nitrogen of the main rivers in the research area is generally good,and the peak COD concentration in the river is up to five and six fold after moderate and heavy rain,and total phosphorus is up to sixteen and twenty fold,and total phosphorus is up to ten and twelve fold.The fresh water flow increased from 4~5 m^(3)/s to 7~9 m^(3)/s should be started as soon as possible after rainfall finished,which making the time required for the water quality returan to the level before rainfall reduced from 4~5 days to 3~4 days,and the duration of the main water pollutants in rivers exceeding the standard reduced by 20%~40%.

关 键 词：降雨径流污染 水质模拟 MIKE11 生态水量调度 水质改善 水环境 优化调度 降水 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]