基于FVCOM模型的海州湾纳潮量和水交换能力研究  

FVCOM model-based study on tidal prism and water exchange capacity of Haizhou Bay

作　　者：张鹏 张瑞瑾[1,2,3] 黄靖茗 盛昭君[1,2] 王松 ZHANG Peng;ZHANG Ruijin;HUANG Jingming;SHENG Zhaojun;WANG Song(School of Marine Science and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China;Operational Oceanographic Institution,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China;Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture,Ministry of Education,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China;School of Ocean and Civil Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学应用海洋学研究所,辽宁大连116023 [3]设施渔业教育部重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [4]大连海洋大学海洋与土木工程学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2021年第7期143-151,共9页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1407700);国家自然科学基金资助项目(32302232);设施渔业教育部重点实验室项目(2021-MOEKLECA-KF-06);山东省重点研发计划项目(2019JZZY020713)。

摘　　要：基于非结构化网格FVCOM海洋数值模式,开边界以8大主要分潮调和常数作为驱动,建立了海州湾三维水动力数值模型。利用潮位潮流资料对流场进行了验证,计算了海州湾纳潮量。在水动力模型基础上耦合对流扩散模型,分别对海州湾的欧拉余流场、保守物质浓度分布特征、半交换周期以及滞留时间空间分布特征进行了研究。结果表明:海州湾整体欧拉余流较弱,表现为沿岸大、湾内小,并且存在余流涡旋。在大、中和小潮时期,纳潮量分别为3.8×10^(9) m^(3)、3.0×10^(9) m^(3)、1.9×10^(9) m^(3);整体半交换周期为72 d,离湾口越近,水交换能力越强。相同距离下,岚山区水交换能力最强,连云区次之,赣榆区最差。在对海州湾开发利用过程中,应结合纳潮量、半交换周期以及滞留时间分布,合理排污,充分利用海洋的自净能力。Based on the unstructured grid FVCOM ocean numerical model,a 3-D hydrodynamic numerical model of Haizhou Bay is established,for which the open boundary is driven by eight main harmonic constants of partial tide.The flow field is verified with the relevant data of tide level and tidal current,and then the tidal prism of Haizhou Bay is calculated.Moreover,on the basis of the relevant the hydrodynamic model,the convection-diffusion model is coupled for studying the Euler residual flow field,the concentration distribution characteristics of conservative substances,semi-exchange cycle and the spatial distribution characteristics of residence time in Haizhou Bay respectively.The study results show that the overall Euler residual current in Haizhou Bay is relatively weak with the representation of large along the coast and small inside the bay along with vortex of residual current.During spring tide,mid-tide and neap tide,the tidal prisms are 3.8×10^(9) m^(3),3.0×10^(9) m^(3),1.9×10^(9) m^(3) respectively,while the overall semi-exchange cycle is 72 d,for which the closer to the bay mouth is,the stronger the water exchange capacity is to be.Under the condition of the same distance,the water exchange capacity of Lanshan District is the strongest,Lianyun District is the secondary and Ganyu Dstrict is the worst.During the development and utilization of Haizhou Bay,the sewage discharge therein is necessary to be reasonably carried out in combination with the tidal prism,the semi-exchange cycle and the distribution of residence time and make full use of the self-purification capacity of the ocean.

关 键 词：海州湾 FVCOM 纳潮量 半交换周期 滞留时间 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]