基于相位衬度成像的X射线生物特征识别仪  

A biometrics recognition instrument using X-ray phase contrast imaging for biosafety inspection

作　　者：许明伟 薛艳玲[1,2] 陈荣昌 李可[1,2,3] 杜国浩 邓彪 谢红兰 肖体乔 XU Mingwei;XUE Yanling;CHEN Rongchang;LI Ke;DU Guohao;DENG Biao;XIE Honglan;XIAO Tiqiao(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Research Center for Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility,Shanghai Advanced Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201204,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [2]上海光源科学中心,中国科学院上海高等研究院,上海201204 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《核技术》2021年第8期27-36,共10页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFC1200204)资助。

摘　　要：海关生物安全检测对维护生态平衡和保护珍稀野生动植物具有重要意义。针对传统海关生物安全检测基于吸收衬度对生物样品成像衬度受限的问题,研制了一种基于相位衬度成像的X射线生物特征识别仪。通过采用光子利用效率高的同轴相衬成像方法进行成像,满足海关检测数据采集效率高和成像快的需求。为保证检测的辐射安全和样品调整方便,采用辐射防护棚屋、安全联锁与样品台自动控制的设计。针对生物特征识别的需求,建立了显微计算机断层扫描(Computed Tomography,CT)及其三维定量分析方法,通过相衬CT三维显微结构定量分析,识别生物样本的特征信息。对分辨率靶和实际样品的测试结果表明:该系统的空间分辨率为3μm,可实现弱吸收样品的高衬度成像和定量分析,适用于大部分生物样品的检测。该仪器的研制为海关生物安全检测提供了一个新的手段,其相衬成像特性也适用于中药材显微鉴定、结构药剂学、聚合物材料等领域的研究。[Background]Customs biosafety inspection is of great significance for maintaining ecological balance and protecting rare wild animals and plants.[Purpose]To overcome the problem of poor contrast in traditional X-ray imaging systems for customs biosecurity inspections,an inspection instrument based on X-ray phase contrast imaging planned to be developed in this work.[Methods]The on-line phase contrast imaging method with high photon utilization efficiency was adopted in order to meet the requirements of high-efficiency data acquisition and fast imaging for the customs inspection.The protective shed shielding,security linkage and automatic sample stage were used in the instrument to ensure radiation safety in the inspection and the convenience of sample switching and adjustment.The methods of phase contrast micro-CT and three-dimensional micro-structure quantitative analysis were applied for biometrics recognition of specimens.[Results]A biometrics recognition instrument based on X-ray phase contrast imaging is developed.The test results of JIMA chart and actual samples show that the spatial resolution of the instrument is 3μm and that the instrument enables high contrast imaging and quantitative analysis of weakly absorbing samples and can be used for the inspection of most biological specimens.[Conclusions]The instrument developed in this work provides a new tool for customs biosafety inspection.Due to its phase contrast imaging characteristics,the instrument can also be applied to the research of microscopic identification of Chinese medicinal materials,structural pharmaceutics and polymer materials.

关 键 词：X射线相衬成像 显微计算机断层扫描 微焦点X光管 生物安全检测 

分 类 号：TL99[核科学技术—核技术及应用] O434.19[机械工程—光学工程]