粒用菜豆种质资源表型遗传多样性分析及综合性评价  

Phenotypic Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evalution of Dry Bean Germplasm

作　　者：葛平珍 王昭礼 余莉 何友勋 张时龙 赵龙 CE Ping-zhen;WANC Zhaoli;YU Li;HE You-xun;ZHANC Shilong;ZHAO Long(Agiculural Science Research Insiute of Bijie,Cuichou Bijie 51700 China)

机构地区：[1]毕节市农业科学研究所,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第7期1386-1394,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家食用豆产业技术体系(CARS-08-Z17);贵州省科技平台及人才团队计划项目“贵州省食用豆工程技术研究中心”[黔科合人才(2018)5254];贵州省科研机构创新能力建设专项资金项目“毕节市特色杂粮产业科研创新能力建设”[黔科合服企(2019)4012];中央补助地方科技基础条件专项基金“毕节试验区特色优势作物资源研发平台建设”[黔科合条中补地(2015)4003]。

摘　　要：【目的】为菜豆育种优势互补亲本的选择提供理论基础,加快菜豆新品种的培育。【方法】针对从美国引进的66份菜豆种质资源,研究直立有限生长型粒用菜豆的遗传多样性和表型性状遗传变异规律,并对种质资源进行综合评价。【结果】引进的粒用菜豆资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,与产量有关的表型性状(单株荚数、单株产量、株高、主茎分枝数、主茎节数、百粒重)变异系数均大于20%,表型性状的多样性指数为1.133~2.027,平均为1.642;66份种质资源可分为2大类,第1类是大粒型(百粒重≥45 g),第2类是中小粒型(百粒重20~40 g);菜豆生育期、株高、荚长、荚宽、单荚粒数、百粒重、单株产量等7个表型性状可作为菜豆种质资源的综合评价指标。【结论】美国引进的直立有限生长型粒用菜豆种质资源具有较丰富的遗传多样性,其中b480、b440、b458、b509、b417区域适应性较强,可作为优势育种亲本种质加以利用。【Objective】It provides the theoretical basis for the selection of complementary parents and speeds up the cultivation of new varieties of dry bean.【Method】The Shannon-weaver information diversity index was used to analyze the genetic diversity of 66 dry bean germplasm resources,then the resources was used for studying the genetic diversity and genetic variation of phenotypic characters of the erect finite growth type of dry bean.【Result】The foreign dry bean resources were rich in genetic diversity,coefficient variation of agronomic traits related to yield were greater than 20%,such as PPL,YPP,HGT,BPP,IMS and HSW.The diversity index of phenotypic traits ranged from 1.133 to 2.027 with an average of 1.642.66 accessions were clustered into 2 categories.The first category were mainly large seeds germplasm resources(100 seed weight≥45 g),the other category were mostly medium or small seeds resources(100 seed weight 20-40 g).Comprehensive evaluation was used by principal component analysis,it’s shown that seven phenotypic traits such as GP,HGT,PL,PW,SPP,HSW and YPP were taken for available traits used to execute comprehensive assessment of germplasm resources.【Conclusion】The dry bean resources,came from America and were in orthotropus and determinate growth,were rich in genetic diversity.b480,b440,b458,b509 and b417 had regional strong adaptability and could be used as the source of dominant breeding parents.

关 键 词：粒用菜豆 种质资源 表型性状 遗传多样性 综合性评价 

分 类 号：S634.7[农业科学—蔬菜学]