砂生槐灌丛不同海拔地表节肢动物多样性与砂生槐种子危害的关系  

Relationship Between Diversity of Surface Arthropods at Different Altitudes and Seed Damage of Sophora moorcroftiana Shrubs

作　　者：陈韵秋 孙涛[3] 臧建成 洪大伟 CHEN Yun-qiu;SUN Tao;ZANG Jian-cheng;HONG Da-wei(Plant Science College,Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University,Tibet Linzhi 860000,China;Lab of Resource and Applied Insect in the Tibet Plateau,Tibet Linzhi 860000,China;College of Life Science,Huaibei Normal University,Anhui Huaibei 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院植物科学学院,西藏林芝860000 [2]西藏高原资源昆虫与应用昆虫实验室,西藏林芝860000 [3]淮北师范大学生命科学学院,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第7期1540-1547,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西藏自治区科技厅地区基金项目[XZ2018ZRG-35(Z)]。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同海拔砂生槐灌丛地表节肢动物类群多样性与砂生槐被害之间的关系。【方法】采用陷阱诱捕法于2018年6-9月对砂生槐灌丛地表节肢动物进行调查,采用五点取样法对沙生槐灌丛果荚进行抽样调查。应用相对多度、类群丰富度、地表节肢动物功能能群、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Simpson优势度及相似性指数Cody指数和S9rensen指数进行分析。【结果】共采集不同海拔砂生槐灌丛地表节肢动物个体共计2899只,涉及5纲18目74科。其中蜘蛛目(Araneida)、双翅目(Diptera)、鞘翅目(Coleoptera)为优势类群,这3个目分别含有16、13、12个科,占所有组成科的55.4%;而革翅目(Dermaptera)、缨翅目(Thysanoptera)、石蛃目(Archaeognatha)、蝎目(Scorpiones)、石蜈蚣目(Lithobiomorpha)为稀有类群,其中所含个体仅占总个体数的0.69%。【结论】不同海拔对地表节肢动物S9rensen指数和Cody指数均具有影响,海拔3和海拔1之间地表节肢动物的相似度较低,共有的地表节肢动物类群少,海拔3和海拔2之间地表节肢动物类群具有相似部分存在。在3种不同海拔砂生槐灌丛地表节肢动物群落中,植食性和捕食性地表节肢动物类群为优势类群,而杂食性地表节肢动物类群则为劣势类群。不同海拔地表节肢动物对不同海拔砂生槐灌丛中种子及果荚危害程度不同,在一定海拔范围内,海拔越低砂生槐灌丛中地表节肢动物对砂生槐灌丛果荚及种子为害程度越严重。【Objective】The study aimed to understand the relationship between the diversity of the surface arthropod groups and the damage of Sophora moorcroftiana Shrubs at different altitudes.【Method】The trapping method was used to investigate the surface arthropods in the S.moorcroftiana Shrubs from June to September 2018,and the five-point sampling method was used to sample the pods in the S.moorcroftiana Shrubs.Relative abundance,group richness,surface arthropod functional energy group,Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou uniformity index,Simpson dominance and similarity index Cody index and S9 rensen index were used for analysis.【Result】The experiment collected a total of 2899 individuals of surface arthropods in different heights of S.moorcroftiana Shrubs,involving 5 families,18 orders and 74 families.Among them,Araneida,Diptera and Coleoptera were the dominant groups.These three orders contained 16,13 and 12 families,respectively,accounting for 55.4%of all constituent families,Thysanoptera,Archaeognatha,Scorpionidae and Lithobiomorpha were rare groups,which contained only 0.69%of the total number of individuals.【Conclusion】Different altitudes had an impact on the surface arthropod S9 rensen index and Cody index.The similarity of surface arthropods between altitude 3 and altitude 1 was low,and there were few common surface arthropod groups.There were similar parts of the surface arthropod groups.Among the three types of surface arthropod communities in the sandy algae shrubs at different altitudes,the herbivorous and predatory surface arthropod groups are the dominant groups,while the omnivorous surface arthropod groups were the disadvantaged groups.The surface arthropods at different altitudes have different degrees of damage to the seeds and pods in the S.moorcroftiana Shrubs at different altitudes.Within a certain altitude range,the lower the altitude,the surface arthropods in the S.moorcroftiana Shrubs affected the pods and had the more severe damage to seeds.

关 键 词：海拔高度 节肢动物 群落结构 砂生槐 被害率 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]