干热河谷石漠化区顶坛花椒叶片蒸腾速率及其与环境因子的关系  

Correlation Between Leaf Transpiration Rate of Zanthoxylum planispinum var.Dingtanensis and Environmental Factors in Dry-hot Valley Rocky Desertification Region

作　　者：钟欣平 喻阳华 侯堂春 ZHONG Xin-ping;YU Yang-hua;HOU Tang-chun(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guizhou Guiyang 550025,China;School of Karst Science/State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control,Guizhou Normal University,Guizhou Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院/国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第7期1548-1555,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“喀斯特高原峡谷石漠化综合治理与生态产业规模经营技术与示范”(2016YFC0502603);贵州省科技计划项目“干热河谷石漠化区花椒水肥耦合自给关键共性技术研究与示范”[黔科合支撑(2016)2610号];贵州省社发攻关项目[黔科合SY字(2015)3018];贵州师范大学大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(201810663002)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明顶坛花椒(Zanthoxylum planispinum var.Dingtanensis)叶片蒸腾速率及与环境因子的关系,为其经营、管理与生态调控提供科学依据。【方法】同步测定花椒叶性状与环境因子,采用通径分析、相关性分析、单因素方差分析和最小显著性差数法分析各环境要素对蒸腾速率的影响。【结果】不同样地顶坛花椒叶片蒸腾速率均为单峰曲线,且林中花椒蒸腾速率最大;蒸腾速率与光照强度、大气温度、土壤温度的变化规律相同,呈先增加后降低趋势,且峰值出现早于光照强度、大气温度,与土壤温度保持一致;土壤湿度为20%~30%时,蒸腾速率与叶厚度呈显著(P<0.05)负相关,土壤湿度为30%~40%时,蒸腾速率与叶片厚度呈显著负相关,与大气温度呈显著正相关,与光照强度呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关;综合效应系数表现为大气温度(3.996)>空气相对湿度(0.564)>光照强度(0.505)>土壤温度(0.424)>叶面积(-0.372)>叶片厚度(-0.482)>土壤湿度(-0.641)。【结论】土壤湿度、光照强度和大气温度是影响顶坛花椒蒸腾速率的主要环境因素。【Objective】The correlation between leaf transpiration rate of Zanthoxylum planispinum var.Dingtanensis and environmental factors is explored to provide the scientific basis for its operation,management and ecological regulation.【Method】The leaf traits of Zanthoxylum planispinum var.Dingtanensis and environmental factors are measured simultaneously,and the effects of each environmental factor on transpiration rate are analyzed by using path analysis,correlation analysis,one-way ANOVA and least significance difference analysis methods.【Result】The leaf transpiration rate of Zanthoxylum planispinum var.Dingtanensis in different sample plots was single-peak curve,and the transpiration rate in middle of the forest was the highest.The variation rules of transpiration rate was the same as light intensity,atmospheric temperature and soil temperature,which showed a first increasing and then decreasing trend.The peak of transpiration rate appeared earlier than that of light intensity and atmospheric temperature,which was consistent with soil temperature.When soil moisture was 20%-30%,transpiration rate is negatively and significantly related with leaf thickness(P<0.05).When soil moisture was 30%-40%,transpiration rate was negatively and significantly related with leaf thickness,positively and significantly related with atmospheric temperature,and positively and very significantly related with light intensity(P<0.01).The comprehensive effect coefficient followed atmospheric temperature(3.996)>air relative humidity(0.564)>light intensity(0.505)>soil temperature(0.424)>leaf area(-0.372)>leaf thickness(-0.482)>soil moisture(-0.641).【Conclusion】Soil moisture,light intensity and atmospheric temperature are the main environmental factors affecting transpiration rate of Zanthoxylum planispinum var.Dingtanensis.

关 键 词：顶坛花椒 蒸腾速率 叶性状 环境因子 干热河谷石漠化区 

分 类 号：S356[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]