辽东湾海域营养盐空间分布特征及其富营养化评价  

Spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients and eutrophication assessment in Liaodong bay

作　　者：孙钦帮[1,2] 马军 王志远[3] 刘永青 姜文博[1] 高范[1,2] SUN Qin-bang;MA Jun;WANG Zhi-yuan;LIU Yong-qing;JIANG Wen-bo;GAO Fan(National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem,Dalian 116023,China;China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100840,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]国家环境保护近岸海域生态环境重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]中国核电工程有限公司,北京100840

出　　处：《环境生态学》2021年第8期19-25,共7页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研究开发项目(2018YFC1407604);大连青年科技之星项目(2018RQ77)资助。

摘　　要：对2018年5月和10月辽东湾海域65个表层水体调查站位的无机氮(DIN)和活性磷酸盐(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)等营养盐的含量和空间分布进行研究,结果显示,DIN和PO_(4)^(3-)-P高浓度区域主要集中于辽东湾湾底,DIN和PO_(4)^(3-)-P含量分布均呈由东北向西南降低的趋势。采用富营养化指数法(EI)和潜在性富营养化评价法分别评价研究海域的富营养化状态水平,评价结果表明:辽东湾绝大部分海域未出现富营养化,仅在大辽河和盘锦港等近岸海域由远及近从轻度富营养化达到中度富营养化,DIN是辽东湾海域的主要污染物,为磷限制型污染。结合主成分分析法进一步对研究海域富营养化程度进行分析可知,第一主成分中DIN和PO_(4)^(3-)-P具有较高的正载荷,呈极显著正相关性,具有同源性。研究结果可为深入打好渤海综合治理攻坚战和建设美丽海湾提供一定的科学支撑。Based on the samples from 65 surface water survey sites in the Liaodong Bay in May and October 2018,the content and spatial distribution characteristics of nutrients such as inorganic nitrogen(DIN)and active phosphate(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)were studied.The results showed that the area with high concentrations of DIN and PO_(4)^(3-)-P mainly occurred at the bottom of the Liaodong Bay,with a decreasing trend for both DIN and PO_(4)^(3-)-P contents from northeast to southwest.The eutrophication index method(EI)and the potential eutrophication evaluation method were used to assess the eutrophication level of the sea area.The study showed that the eutrophication hardly occurred in the most parts of Liaodong Bay,while the eutrophication only occurred in the coastal areas around Daliao River and Panjin Port,and the eutrophication level was medium to low from far to near.DIN was the main pollutant in the Liaodong Bay,thus it was recognized a phosphorus-limited eutrophication bay.The results of principal component analysis showed that DIN and PO_(4)^(3-)-P in the first principal component had a high positive load,with a significantly positive correlation,indicating that both of them had a same pollution source.The research results can provide a certain scientific support for the in-depth comprehensive governance campaign of the Bohai Sea and the construction of beautiful bays.

关 键 词：辽东湾 营养盐 富营养化 空间分布 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]