美国自贸协定劳工权利保护实践及其对中国的启示  

The United States'􀆳Practice on Labour Rights Protection through Free Trade Agreements and What China Can Learn

作　　者：余翔 殷俊[2] YU Xiang;YIN Jun(Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学政治和公共管理学院 [2]武汉大学社会保障研究中心(国家人文社会科学重点研究基地)

出　　处：《国际贸易》2021年第6期56-64,共9页Intertrade

摘　　要：美国主张将贸易规则同劳工标准挂钩,其主导的13个自贸协定(FTA)中均有劳工标准条款。但是,以上述FTA中除美国外的19个签约国为样本开展定性比较分析发现,有关劳工标准条款对签约国劳工权利保护的影响是有限的,除非满足其他条件。这表明美国力推贸易协定同劳工标准挂钩并非为了改善签约国的劳工权利保护水平,而有主导全球贸易规则制定的政治考量。中国在构建面向全球的高水平自由贸易区网络过程中,应采取更为积极主动的态度和策略,妥善应对FTA谈判中的劳工议题。The US strongly proposed a link between trade rules and labour standards.The 13 free trade agree-ments(FTAs)led and signed by the US all included labour standard clauses.Conducting a Qualitative Comparative Analysis on the 19 signatory countries excluding the US in the 13 FTAs as sample cases,it is found out that adding labour standard clauses in the FTAs had limited effect on the labour rights protection status in the signatory coun-tries,unless other conditions are met.It is believed that the motivation of the US to link trade rules and labour standards is not improving the labour rights protection level in the signatory countries,but a political approach of steering the rule-making for global trading system.China is on the way to build a global-oriented and high-stand-ard FTA network.A more constructive approach and strategy should be adopted in dealing with labour related issues in the FTA negotiations.

关 键 词：美国 自由贸易区 劳工标准 劳工权利保护 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] DD912.5[经济管理—国际贸易] F757.12[经济管理—产业经济]