基于微地震离散裂缝与自动历史拟合的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation Based on Microseismic Discrete Fractures and Automatic History Matching

作　　者：屈雪峰[1,2] 谢启超 兰正凯[3,4] 赵国玺 Qu Xuefeng;Xie Qichao;Lan Zhengkai;Zhao Guoxi(PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710018,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Low-permeability Oil&Gas Exploration and Development,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710018,China;China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China;Nanjing Tracy Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田分公司,陕西西安710018 [2]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程重点实验室,陕西西安710018 [3]中国地质大学(武汉),湖北武汉430000 [4]南京特雷西能源科技有限公司,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《特种油气藏》2021年第3期62-68,共7页Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“鄂尔多斯盆地致密油开发示范工程”(2017ZX05069);中国石油重大科技专项“长庆油田5000万吨持续高效稳产关键技术研究与应用”(2016E-05)。

摘　　要：针对复杂缝网精细刻画、表征复杂,数值模拟历史拟合繁琐、不确定性强,导致非常规储层实现精准数值模拟难度大的问题,采用微地震复杂缝网反演、离散裂缝方法缝网精细刻画、集合卡曼滤波方法(EnKF)自动拟合技术3种手段形成的综合数值模拟技术,对复杂缝网条件下的非常规储层实现精准数值模拟。结果表明:文中提出的复杂缝网反演方法与直接解释所得到的结果相差较小,误差为2%~6%,但文中方法可以直观反映地下人工压裂裂缝分布与延伸状况;建立的基于人工压裂缝网的非结构化网络,可精细表征裂缝的流动;基于EnKF的自动化历史拟合技术可以减小人为拟合误差,提高拟合效率。现场实际应用表明,研究区28口单井日产油拟合产量与实际产量的平均吻合率高达91%,实现油气藏复杂渗流场的精确模拟。该研究可为非常规复杂缝网储层产量预测提供借鉴。In view of the detailed description of complex fracture network,complex characterization,cumbersome history matching of numerical simulation,and strong uncertainty,which make it difficult to achieve accurate numerical simulation of unconventional reservoirs,a comprehensive numerical simulation technology was developed by three means:microseismic complex seam network inversion,detailed description of discrete fracture network and ensemble Kalman filter(EnKF)to realize accurate numerical simulation of unconventional reservoirs under complex fracture network conditions.The results showed that the difference between the results respectively obtained by the complex fracture network inversion method in the paper and the direct interpretation was small,with an error of 2%to 6%,but the method presented in this paper could directly reflect the distribution and propagation of underground artificial fractures;the unstructured network based on artificial fracture network could be used to characterize the flow in fractures in detail;the automatic history matching technology based on EnKF could reduce artificial matching errors and improve matching efficiency.Field tests show that the average matching rate between the matched daily oil production and the actual production of 28 single wells in the study area was as high as 91%,realizing accurate simulation of the complex seepage field in oil and gas reservoirs.This study can provide a reference for the production prediction of complex fracture network of unconventional reservoir.

关 键 词：数值模拟 微地震 缝网 离散裂缝 大型水力压裂 自动历史拟合 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]