福建濒危药用植物金线莲花药发育的形态观察  

Microstructure of anther development of Anoectochilus roxburghii

作　　者：陈育青[1] 黄泽豪[2] 李秋静[1] 田惠桥[3] 林美珍[1] CHEN Yu-qing;HUANG Ze-hao;LI Qiu-jing;TIAN Hui-qiao;LIN Mei-zhen(Department of Pharmacy,Zhangzhou Health Vocational College,Zhangzhou Fujian 363000;School of Pharmacy,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou Fujian 350122;School of Life Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]漳州卫生职业学院药学系,福建漳州363000 [2]福建中医药大学药学院,福建福州350122 [3]厦门大学生命科学学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2021年第4期425-431,共7页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：全国中药资源普查项目(财社[2019]39号);国家中医药管理局全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目(国中医药办人教函[2019]43号);2020年漳州市中青年领军人才培训计划;漳州市科技局科技重大专项(No.ZZ2018ZD19);漳州卫生职业学院科技创新团队培育计划(No.Kjcx-3).

摘　　要：目的:研究金线莲花药发育的结构特征,探索其野生资源物种退化的原因。方法:取不同发育时期的花药固定、脱水、包埋,切片后用电子显微镜观察。结果:金线莲花药以花粉块的形式发育,在造孢细胞时期确定了花粉块的轮廓;小孢子母细胞时期,花粉块内细胞之间发生细胞器和细胞核穿壁现象,且在花粉块表面形成了胼胝质壁;减数分裂后,花粉块表面形成孢粉素花粉外壁;成熟花粉为二胞型。结论:金线莲花药发育的特殊性能为兰科植物的孢粉学研究提供案例,并阻碍花粉萌发和受精过程而导致物种退化。Objective:To study structural characteristics of anther development of Anoectochilus roxburghii and the causes of species degradation of its wild resources.Methods:Anthers from flowers of different periods were fixed,dehydrated and embedded,then sections were observed by electron microscope.Results:The anther development of A.roxburghii in form of pollinia.The outlines of pollinia are determined in sporogenous cell stage.In microspore mother cells stage,organelles and nucleus penetrate between cells within pollinia and callus wall is formed on the surface of pollinium.After meiosis,a sporopollenin exine forms on the surface of pollinium.The mature pollen is bicellular.Conclusion:The particularity in the anther development can provide a case for the palynology of orchids and impedes pollen germination and fertilization resulting in species degradation of A.roxburghii.

关 键 词：金线莲 花药 发育 花粉块 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学] Q942.5[医药卫生—中医学]