论美国的长臂管辖及中国应对——兼评商务部《阻断外国法律与措施不当域外适用办法》  

On the Long-arm Jurisdiction of the United States and China’s Response:Comment on the Ministry of Commerce’s“Measures to Block Improper Extraterritorial Application of Foreign Laws and Measures”

作　　者：王林[1] WANG Lin(National Security College,Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710063,China)

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学国家安全学院,陕西西安710063

出　　处：《宜宾学院学报》2021年第7期8-19,共12页Journal of Yibin University

基　　金：中国法学会2020年度部级法学研究课题“习近平总书记关于国家安全法治的重要论述研究”(GLS(2020)ZZ003)。

摘　　要：美国的“长臂管辖”严重威胁我国的法律安全和法律主权,中国目前主要采用制定阻断法的方式反制美国的“长臂管辖”。“长臂管辖”在概念上有一个演进的过程,适用领域不断扩大;在性质上,“长臂管辖”开始成为美国国内法域外管辖或者域外适用的一种重要形式,由于美国的“长臂管辖”近年来主要以经济制裁、打击跨国商业贿赂、干涉人权、出口管制等形式出现,“长臂管辖”也逐渐成为美国经济霸权、法律霸权的代名词。商务部制定的《阻断我国法律与措施不当域外适用办法》在扩大阻断范围、细化具体措施等方面还有完善的余地。我国为了有效应对美国的“长臂管辖”,维护法律安全,一方面要构建有中国特色的法律体系,另一方面要为国际法提供中国素材,提升我国法律的国际话语权。“Long-arm jurisdiction”of the United States seriously threatens China’s legal security and legal sovereignty.At present,China mainly adopts the method of enacting blocking laws to counteract it.The concept of“long-arm jurisdiction”has a process of evolution,and its application field is constantly expanding.In nature,it has become an important form of extraterritorial jurisdiction or extraterritorial application of American domestic law.In recent years,“long arm jurisdiction”mainly takes the form of economic sanctions,cracking down on transnational commercial bribery,interfering in human rights and export control,and it gradually became the synonym of American economic hegemony and legal hegemony.The“Measures for Blocking the Improper Extraterritorial Application of China’s Laws and Measures”formulated by the Ministry of Commerce still have room for improvement in expanding the scope of blocking and refining specific measures.In order to effectively respond to“long-arm jurisdiction”and safeguard China’s legal security,it is necessary to take measures to build a legal system with Chinese characteristics and provide Chinese materials for international law to enhance the international discourse power of China’s laws.

关 键 词：长臂管辖 法律安全 域外适用 阻断 话语权 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学]