外泌体在骨肉瘤多药耐药中作用的研究新进展  

New Research Progress on the Role of Exosomes in Multidrug Resistance of Osteosarcoma

作　　者：龙鑫 李金鑫 李杨涛 易国良[1] 崔俊成[1] LONG Xin;LI Jinxin;LI Yangtao;YI Guoliang;CUI Juncheng(Department of Joint Movement,Orthopedic Research Center,The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua University,Hengyang,Hunan Province,421001 China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学附属第一医院骨科研究中心关节运动科,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《中外医疗》2021年第17期188-190,198,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(2018JJ3468);湖南省科技创新计划项目(2018SK077);衡阳市2019年指导性项目课题。

摘　　要：骨肉瘤是一种临床上最常见的恶性骨肿瘤,多采取新辅助化疗结合外科手术治疗的综合治疗。近年来由于早期诊断和新型化疗药物的发展及应用,骨肉瘤患者的5年生存率已增加到50%以上,但仍有很多患者在应用高强度的化疗以及手术治疗后并没有达到预期的疗效,多药耐药(MDR)就是造成骨肉瘤治疗失败的重要原因。外泌体是多种活细胞主动向胞外分泌的囊泡样小体,广泛参与骨肉瘤细胞间的物质交换和信息交流。深入研究发现外泌体可以作为信使以改变肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,参与肿瘤的发生与演变。通过了解外泌体引起的骨肉瘤多药耐药的形成机制,从而为今后通过外泌体途径逆转多药耐药,提高骨肉瘤对化疗药物敏感性等方面的研究提供更为广阔的思路。Osteosarcoma is one of the most common malignant bone tumors in the clinic,and it is usually treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgical treatment.In recent years,due to early diagnosis and the development and application of new chemotherapy drugs,the 5-year survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma has increased to more than 50%,but there are still many patients who have not achieved the expected curative effect after the application of high-intensity chemotherapy and surgical treatment,multi-drug resistance(MDR)is an important reason for the failure of osteosarcoma treatment.Exosomes are vesicle-like bodies that are actively secreted by a variety of living cells to the outside of the cell.They are widely involved in the exchange of materials and information between osteosarcoma cells.In-depth studies have found that exosomes can act as messengers to change the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs and participate in the occurrence and evolution of tumors.By understanding the mechanism of the formation of multidrug resistance in osteosarcoma caused by exosomes,it will provide a broader idea for future research on reversing multidrug resistance through exosomes and improving the sensitivity of osteosarcoma to chemotherapeutics.

关 键 词：外泌体 骨肉瘤 多耐药性 

分 类 号：R4[医药卫生—临床医学]