早期吸吮吞咽训练对促进低出生体重儿体重增长的研究  

Study on the Early Sucking and Swallowing Training to Promote the Weight Gain of Low Birth Weight Infants

作　　者：林华梅[1] LIN Huamei(Department of Neonatology,Maoming People's Hospital,Maoming,Guangdong Province,525000 China)

机构地区：[1]广东省茂名市人民医院新生儿科,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《中外医疗》2021年第18期61-64,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的探讨早期吸吮吞咽训练对促进低出生体重儿体重增长的影响。方法该研究方便选取2019年5月—2020年10月符合纳入标准的81例低出生体重患儿,采用随机数表法将其随机分为对照组、早期组(7 d内进行训练),晚期组(7 d后进行训练)。记录是否存在腹胀、呕吐、残奶等喂养不耐受情况,以及口腔感染、恢复出生体重时间、每天体重增长速度、每日奶量、住院时长等情况。结果早期组干预后的总有效率(100.00%)明显高于晚期组(77.78%)与对照组(76.92%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11.074,P<0.05);早期组仅有1例(3.57%)发生腹胀,晚期组腹胀、呕吐、残奶、口腔感染发生率分别为25.93%、25.93%、25.93%、25.93%,对照组腹胀、呕吐、残奶及口腔感染等事件发生率分别为34.62%、30.77%、30.77%、30.77%,早期组喂养耐受明显优于对照组和晚期组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.431、9.932、9.932、9.932,P<0.05)。早期组静脉营养开始时间、管饲喂养开始时间、经口喂养开始时间、完全经口喂养时间均短于对照组和晚期组,早期组每天体重增长速度、每日奶量均高于对照组和晚期组,恢复出生体重时间及住院时长均短于对照组和晚期组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论口腔吸吮吞咽训练简易、有效,不良反应少,尽早进行口腔吸吮吞咽训练,可提高低出生体重儿的生存质量。Objective To investigate the effect of early sucking and swallowing training on promoting weight gain in low birth weight infants.Methods In this study,randomized grouping was used to conveniently selected 81 children with low birth weight who met the inclusion criteria from May 2019 to October 2020.Among them,the patients who agreed to receive treatment were randomly divided into the control group and the early group(training within 7 d),late group(training after 7 d)by the random number table method.Recorded whether there were feeding intolerances such as abdominal distension,vomiting,residual milk,etc.,as well as oral infections,time to regain birth weight,daily weight gain,daily milk volume,and length of hospital stay.Results The total effective rate(100.00%)of the early group after intervention was significantly higher than that of the late group(77.78%)and the control group(76.92%).The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.074,P<0.05);there was only 1 case in the early group(3.57%)abdominal distension,the incidence of abdominal distension,vomiting,and residual milk in the advanced group were 25.93%,25.93%,25.93%and 25.93%,respectively.the incidence of abdominal distension,vomiting,residual milk,and oral infection in the control group were 34.62%,30.77%,30.77%,and 30.77%,early group feeding tolerance was significantly better than the control group and late group,The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=8.431,9.932,9.932,9.932,P<0.05).In the early group,the start time of intravenous nutrition,the start time of tube feeding,the start time of oral feeding,and the time of complete oral feeding were shorter than those of the control group and the late group.The early group’s daily weight gain and daily milk volume were higher than those of the control group and the late group.In the late group,the time to regain birth weight and the length of hospital stay were shorter than those in the control group and the late group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Oral

关 键 词：早期 吸吮吞咽训练 低出生体重儿 体重增长 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]