超声检测在妊娠中晚期胎儿泌尿系统畸形中的应用研究  

Study on the Application of Ultrasound Detection in Fetal Urinary System Malformations in the Middle and Late Pregnancy

作　　者：黄荔贞 Huang Lizhen(Hanjiang Hospital of Putian City,Putian 351111,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田市涵江医院,福建莆田351111

出　　处：《中外医学研究》2021年第22期87-89,共3页CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICAL RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:探讨超声检测在妊娠中晚期胎儿泌尿系统畸形筛查中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析笔者所在医院2017年10月-2019年10月于笔者所在医院产检的87例妊娠中晚期孕妇的临床资料。根据产后诊断结果,评估超声检测在胎儿泌尿系统畸形筛查中的应用价值。结果:超声检测肾缺如的灵敏度为90.91%,肾发育不全为85.71%,肾囊性病变为84.62%,肾积水为82.93%,多囊性肾发育不良为80.00%,Kappa值分别为0.89、0.84、0.86、0.75、0.79,均具有良好的诊断一致性。肾积水超声图征象表现为胎儿肾盂前后径扩张,部分肾实质变薄明显。肾缺如(单侧)超声图征象可见一侧肾缺如,对侧肾脏呈代偿性增大。肾发育不全超声图征象表现为肾脏体积较小。成人型多囊肾超声表现为肾增大、回声增强,可较好显示低回声肾髓质,且髓质无明显增大,羊水量正常。多囊性肾发育不良超声图征象可见多个异常囊腔。结论:超声是一种安全可靠、重复性好的影像学检测手段,可作为妊娠中晚期胎儿泌尿系统畸形筛查中常规手段,为不同疾病诊断提供参考。Objective:To explore the application value of ultrasound detection in the screening of fetal urinary system malformations in the middle and late pregnancy.Method:The clinical data of 87 cases of pregnant women in the middle and late pregnancy who underwent obstetric examinations in our hospital from October 2017 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the results of postpartum diagnosis,the application value of ultrasound detection in fetal urinary malformation screening was evaluated.Result:The sensitivity of ultrasound detection of renal absence was 90.91%,renal dysplasia was 85.71%,renal cystic disease was 84.62%,obstructive urinary tract disease was 82.93%,and polycystic renal dysplasia was 80.00%.The Kappa values were 0.89,0.84,0.86,0.75,0.79,respectively.All of them have good diagnostic consistency.The ultrasonographic features of hydronephrosis showed dilatation of the anterior and posterior diameter of the renal pelvis and obvious thinning of some renal parenchyma.The ultrasonographic features of renal absence (unilateral) showed the absence of one renal and the compensatory enlargement of the contralateral renal.The ultrasonographic features of renal dysplasia show the renal is small.The ultrasonographic features of of adult type polycystic renal were renal enlargement and echo enhancement,and the medulla of hypoechoic renal could be better displayed without obvious medulla enlargement.The amniotic fluid volume was normal.The ultrasonographic features of polycystic renal dysplasia showed multiple abnormal cysts.Conclusion:Ultrasound is a safe,reliable,and reproducible imaging detection method.It can be used as a routine method in the screening of fetal urinary system malformations in the middle and late pregnancy,providing a reference for the diagnosis of different diseases.

关 键 词：泌尿系统畸形 胎儿 孕妇 妊娠 筛查 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R714.53[医药卫生—诊断学]