水稻种子TTC染色及萌发特性研究  

Study on TTC Staining and Germination Characteristics of Rice Seeds

作　　者：陈兵先 张琪 戴彰言 高家东 张文虎 吴柔贤 宋松泉 刘军 CHEN Bingxian;ZHANG Qi;DAI Zhangyan;GAO Jiadong;ZHANG Wenhu;WU Rouxian;SONG Songquan;LIU Jun(Agro-biological Gene Research Center,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources Preservation and Utilization,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业生物基因研究中心/广东省农作物种质资源保存与利用重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2021年第7期1-8,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2020A1515011535);广州市基础与应用基础研究项目(202002030403);广东省农作物种质资源保存与利用重点实验室项目(2020B121201008)。

摘　　要：【目的】开展水稻种子TTC染色试验条件及最佳组合筛选,探讨水稻种子萌发过程中主要生理指标的变化规律,对于完善水稻种子质量检测具有重要指导意义。【方法】应用单因素试验和正交试验设计比较种子吸水时间、TTC浓度、染色温度和染色时间4个因素对染色效果的影响,并筛选最佳的TTC染色试验组合;应用分光光度法测定不同萌发条件下水稻种胚内的淀粉酶活性和可溶性糖含量。【结果】被TTC染色的水稻种胚分为5种情况:整个胚染色较深,整个胚染色较浅,胚根被染色,胚芽被染色,盾片被染色。4个因素对水稻种子生活力的影响依次为:染色时间>染色温度>TTC浓度>吸水时间;水稻种子染色的最佳条件为:染色时间2 h,染色温度30℃,TTC浓度1%,吸水时间3 h。在不同萌发条件下,水稻种子中α-淀粉酶、β-淀粉活性和可溶性糖含量的变化与种子萌发率的变化趋势保持一致。【结论】TTC染色最佳组合下,水稻种子染色率能够准确地反映种子的生活力和萌发能力。淀粉酶活性和可溶性糖含量或可作为预测和评价水稻种子活力的重要生理指标。【Objective】It has important guiding significance for perfecting rice seed quality inspection to carry out TTC staining experiment,select the best combination and explore the changes in the main physiological indexes of rice seeds.【Method】Single factor analysis and orthogonal experimental design were used to compare the influence of seed imbibition time,TTC concentration,staining temperature and staining time,on the staining effect,and to screen the best TCC staining combination.Spectrophotometry was used to determine the amylase activity and soluble sugar content in rice embryos under different germination conditions.【Result】Rice embryos stained by TTC are divided into five situations:The entire embryo was stained darkly;The entire embryo was stained lightly;The coleorhiza was stained;The coleoptile was stained;The scutellum was stained.The influence of the four factors on the viability of rice seeds is as follows:staining time>staining temperature>TTC concentration>imbibition time;The best condition for TTC staining of rice seeds is as follows:staining time 2 h,staining temperature 30℃,TTC concentration 1%,imbibition time 3 h.Under different germination conditions,the changes ofα-amylase,β-amylase activity and soluble sugars in rice seeds were consistent with the changes in seed germination rate.【Conclusion】Under the best combination of TTC staining,the staining rate of rice seeds could accurately reflect the viability and germination ability of the seeds.Amylase activity and soluble sugar content may be used as important physiological indicators for predicting and evaluating rice seed vigor.

关 键 词：水稻 TTC染色 种子生活力 种子萌发 淀粉酶 

分 类 号：S511.032[农业科学—作物学]