孟加拉湾不同路径下热带气旋生浪特性研究  

Analysis of wave characteristics with different types of tropical cyclone tracks in the Bay of Bengal

作　　者：周正洁 徐福敏[1,2] ZHOU Zheng-jie;XU Fu-min(Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Protection,Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Harbour,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学,海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室,南京210098 [2]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,南京210098

出　　处：《水道港口》2021年第3期297-308,共12页Journal of Waterway and Harbor

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51920105013);河海大学海岸灾害与防护教育部重点实验室开放基金(201910)。

摘　　要：海浪在海洋动力环境和海气相互作用等领域具有重要地位,而气旋活动引起的海浪灾害不可小觑。孟加拉湾作为季风特征显著的海区,也是孕育热带风暴的重灾区,这一极端天气系统给海岸工程的稳定和沿岸居民的安全带来威胁。鉴于不同路径的气旋活动所引起的海浪发展和传播规律不尽相同,基于实测数据统计的海浪要素又受到客观条件限制,故统计了1979~2018年孟加拉湾海域的气旋特征,并采用可实现风涌浪分离功能的第三代海浪数值模型WAVEWATCHⅢ模拟了转向型04B、北上型Sidr和西北向型Helen三个气旋活动,结果表明:转向和北上型路径的气旋主要在孟加拉湾东北部产生严重影响,影响程度和持续时间与地形和波传播方向有关,而西北向型气旋对孟加拉湾不同方向的影响程度没有显著差异。Wave played an important role in the field of marine dynamic environment and sea-air interaction,while the disaster caused by cyclone can not be underestimated.The Bay of Bengal,as a sea area characterized by monsoon,was a major disaster area in terms of tropical storms.This extreme weather system posed a threat to the stability of coastal engineering and the safety of coastal residents.Since the laws of wave development and propagation caused by cyclone activity in different paths were apparently different,and the ocean wave elements based on measured data were restricted by objective conditions,the cyclone characteristics of Bay of Bengal were counted from 1979 to 2018.The third generation wave numerical model WAVEWATCHⅢwhich can realize the separation of wind and waves,was used to simulate the three cyclone activities of steering 04 B,northward Sidr and northwestward Helen.The results show that:the northeast of Bay of Bengal is mainly influenced by steering and northward cyclone tracks,and the influence degree and duration are related to the terrain and wave propagation direction,but there is no significant difference in the influence degree of northwest cyclone on different directions of Bay of Bengal.

关 键 词：WAVEWATCHⅢ 孟加拉湾 热带气旋路径 海浪场 

分 类 号：U65[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TV139[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]