短周期桉树人工林养分的输入输出  

Nutrient input and output in short-rotation Eucalyptus plantations

作　　者：高悦 苏福聪 梁燕芳 李书玲 朱原立 许宇星 唐健[5] 曹继钊[5] 吴立潮[1,2] GAO Yue;SU Fucong;LIANG Yanfang;LI Shuling;ZHU Yuanli;XU Yuxing;TANG Jian;CAO Jizhao;WU Lichao(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating of Hunan Province,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region State-owned Qipo Forest Farm,Nanning 530000,Guangxi,China;China Eucalypt Research Centre,Guangdong Zhanjiang Forest Ecosystem National Positing Observation and Research Station,Zhanjiang 524022,Guangdong,China;Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学水土保持与荒漠化防治湖南省高等学校重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]广西壮族自治区国有七坡林场,广西南宁530000 [4]国家林业和草原局桉树研究开发中心,广东湛江桉树林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广东湛江524022 [5]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2021年第8期56-67,共12页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600505)。

摘　　要：【目的】桉树作为一种短轮伐期速生树种在我国广西等南方地区被广泛种植,单一树种连栽经营模式对林地土壤肥力质量产生重大影响,为探究当前短周期高强度连栽桉树人工林炼山经营模式是否可持续,拟对多代连栽桉树人工林的养分输入、输出特征进行研究。【方法】在4种不同代次的桉树人工林设置36个标准地,以胸径为自变量建立回归方程估算桉树人工林生物量;通过林地分等定级观测土壤肥力质量变化状况,运用冗余分析研究桉树养分含量和土壤各项指标之间的相关性;基于施肥量研究各代桉树人工林养分平衡状况。【结果】1)不同代次之间的桉树人工林生物量存在显著性差异,总体呈下降趋势,一代林至四代林的生物量分别为:125.10、151.11、107.71、116.22 t·hm^(-2)。2)桉树人工林各器官养分含量随代次增长呈先升后降趋势,表明林地土壤肥力质量下降。3)忽略大气氮沉降和土壤微生物自身固氮等相关因素的前提下,基于全树利用和施肥量研究发现各代桉树人工林的养分输入和输出不平衡,特别是氮和磷处于养分亏缺状态。4)林地土壤肥力质量等级随代次的增加呈先升后降的趋势,表明土壤肥力质量下降、地力衰退。【结论】随着连栽代次的增加,桉树人工林生物量总体呈现降低的趋势,当前经营模式下桉树人工林的养分处于不平衡状态。同时,多代连栽造成林地土壤肥力质量下降,表明当前短周期高强度多代连栽经营方式存在不合理之处,经营可持续性较差。【Objective】Eucalyptus is widely planted as a short-rotation,fast-growing species in southern areas of China,such as Guangxi.Single species continuous-planting model have a significant impact on the soil fertility quality in woodlands.In order to investigate the sustainability of the short-rotation,high-intensity succession Eucalyptus plantation management model,this paper intends to investigate the nutrient input and output characteristics of continuous-planting rotation of Eucalyptus plantations.【Method】Setting up 36 standard plots in four different generations of Eucalyptus plantation.A regression equation to estimate the biomass of Eucalyptus plantation with diameter at breast height as the independent variable.To investigate the correlation between the nutrient content of Eucalyptus trees and soil indicators using redundancy analysis,monitoring changes in soil fertility quality through forest land grading.A comparative analysis of the nutrient input and output of Eucalyptus plantation by generation based on fertilization and other nurturing management practices.Research on the nutrient balance of Eucalyptus plantation by generation based on the amount of fertilizer applied.【Result】1)The biomass of Eucalyptus plantation varied significantly between generations,showing an decreasing trend,with the biomass of first to fourth generation of stands being:125.1,151.11,107.71 and 116.22 t·hm^(-2),respectively.2)The nutrient concentration distribution of each organ in Eucalyptus plantation shows a trend of increasing and then decreasing with generation,indicating a decline of soil fertility quality in woodland.3)Neglecting relevant factors such as atmospheric nitrogen deposition and nitrogen fixation by the soil microorganisms themselves,a study based on whole-tree use and the amount of fertilizer applied found an imbalance in nutrient input and output between continuous-planting of Eucalyptus plantation,with nutrient deficits particularly in nitrogen and phosphorus.4)Soil fertility quality grade in woodl

关 键 词：多代连栽 生物量 短周期经营 养分亏缺 可持续经营 

分 类 号：S792.39[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S718.554.2[农业科学—林学]